英语发音的问题?给一些字母组合的发音规范比如 th 等等希望能有个表

英语发音的问题?
给一些字母组合的发音规范
比如 th 等等希望能有个表

英语单词拼读规则表
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音 例 词 编 号
a 在开音节中
[ei] name plane Jane baby cake
1-01
在闭音节中
[æ] bag dad hat map black back
1-02
e 在开音节中
[i:] he these me Chinese
1-03
在闭音节中
[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
1-04
i 在开音节中
[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
1-05
在闭音节中
fish big drink sit milk swim
1-06
o 在开音节中
[ou] those close go hoe home no
1-07
在闭音节中
[ ]
clock not box shop sock
1-08
u 在开音节中
[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
1-09
在闭音节中
[ ]
bus cup jump much lunch
1-10
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如：June blue ruler super
1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音 例 词 编 号
a [ ]
China another woman breakfast
2-01
orange comrade village cabbage 2-02
e [ ]
hundred student open weekend 2-03
chicken pocket begin children 2-04
i [ ]/
holiday beautiful family animal 2-05
[ai] exercise satellite
2-06
o [ ]
second tonight somebody welcome
2-07
[ u]
also zero photo
2-08
u [ ]
autumn diffcult 2-09
[ju(] popular congratulation January
2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如：operate
2-11
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(]音,例如：July influence February issue 2-12
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[ ]音,也可以读作音.
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音 例 词 编 号
a在[w]音后面 [ ]
want what watch wash quality
3-01
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
3-02
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
3-03
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
3-04
o在m n v th前 [ ]
come monkey love mother
3-05
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音 例 词 编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
4-01
[ :]
warm quarter towards
4-02
or
or在[w]音后面 [ :]
forty morning short
4-03
[ :]
word worker worse
4-04
er ir ur [ :]
certainly bird Thursday
4-05
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如： carry sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音,例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
4-07
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音 例 词 编 号
are [ε ]
care dare hare
5-01
ere [i ]
here mere
5-02
ire [ai ]
fire hire wire
5-03
ore [ :]
more score before
5-04
ure [ju ]
pure cure
5-05
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如：picture pleasure
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音,例如：salary
5-06
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.
例如：parent zero story during inspiring
5-07
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如：orange very American paragraph
5-08
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
6-01
air [ε ]
air hair chair pair repair
6-02
al
al在f m前 [ ]
small ball talk wall all 6-03
[ :l]
always also salt almost
6-04
[α:] half calm
6-05
au/aw [ :]
autumn daughter draw
6-06
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
6-07
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
6-08
[ei] break great 6-09
ear [i ]
hear dear near clear year 6-10
[ε ]
bear pear wear swear 6-11
[ :]
earth learn early 6-12
ee [i:] jeep week green three
6-13
eer [i ]
pioneer deer beer
6-14
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
6-15
eu/ew在
j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
6-16
[u:] flew brew jewelry
6-17
ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize
6-18
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
6-19
oar/oor [ :]
roar board door floor 6-20
oi/oy [ i]
noise point boy toilet
6-21
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
6-22
book look cook foot good
6-23
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
6-24
[ u]
know row throw though 6-25
[ ]
young country enough
6-26
[u:] group you soup 6-27
our [ :]
course your four 6-28
[au ]
our hour ours 6-29
[ :]
journey 6-30
ui
在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 6-31
[u:] juice fruit suit 6-32
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey 7-01
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 7-02
元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或.
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
7-03
-sion -tion [ n]
impression nation 7-04
-sion在元音字母后 [ n]
vision decision occasion 7-05
-tion在s后 [ n]
question suggestion 7-06
-sten [sn] listen 7-07
-stle [sl] whistle 7-08
-sure [ ]
pleasure measure 7-09
-ture [ ]
picture culture 7-10
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.
例如：
everyday[ei]
handbag[æ]
blackboard[ :]
8-01
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.
例如：
sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日
break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[ ] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] ＞ cupboard[ ] 碗柜
main主要部分 + land陆地[æ] ＞ mainland[ ] 大陆
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音 例 词 编 号
b bike bus bag 9-01
[/] bomb tomb
9-02
c
c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music 9-03
[s] face decide cinema 9-04
ch [ ]
much chick rich teacher
9-05
[k] school headache chemistry
9-06
[ ]
machine Chicago
9-07
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-08
d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-09
-dge [ ]
bridge fridge 9-10
dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-11
f [f] five four breakfast 9-12
g
g在e i/y前 [ ]
bag gardon go 9-13
[ ]
orange large German 9-14
gh [f] cough enough 9-15
[/] light daughter high 9-16
gu- [ ]
guess league dialogue guitar 9-17
[ w]
language anguish 9-18
h [h] hot head house hand 9-19
[/] hour honest honor
9-20
j [ ]
jeep jar joke join July 9-21
k [k] kind bike skate make week 9-22
kn- [n] knife know knock 9-23
l [l] life milk school tall 9-24
m [m] monkey come example 9-25
-mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-26
n
n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note 9-27
[ ]
uncle thank hungry 9-28
-ng [ ]
morning young wrong 9-29
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 9-30
ph [f] elephant photo telephone 9-31
q [k] Iraq 9-32
qu- [kw] quality quite 9-33
r [r] red rubber ruler 9-34
s在词首或清辅音前
元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk 9-35
[z] music husband 9-36
sh [ ]
she fish shirt wash 9-37
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet 9-38
[ ]
patient nation 9-39
tch [ ]
watch catch match 9-40
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
9-41
[ ]
the these with than
9-42
[ ]
clothe father weather 9-43
tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-44
v [v] very voice love leave 9-45
w [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-46
[/] answer two 9-47
wh-
wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why 9-48
[h] who whose whole 9-49
x
在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise 9-50
[gz] examle exist exact 9-51
wr- [r] write 9-52
y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-53
z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-54
ds[dz] ts[ts] ps-[s]
辅字组后加一横线表示这个字组经常出现在音节开头,而不是单词开头.如：tr-(coun-try) y-(Saw-yer).音节开头也不一定就是音节的最前面,如：tr-(street)
十、英语语音名词解释
1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ ] [l]例外）.从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节.
0-01
2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节.
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节.
例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
0-02
3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号. 0-03
4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节.例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-04
5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-05
6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节.
例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读.双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变.例如：
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor 0-06
7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.
例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nationSample Text