神马作文网同位语从句希望有练习讲解
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：神马作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/12 19:37:22
同位语从句
希望有练习讲解
希望有练习讲解
同位语从句属于名词性从句,大多由从属连词that引导,常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面.同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系.例如：
They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点,所有的物质都是由原子构成的.
1、从先行词来看
同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是"主语＋be＋表语"的关系.该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词.例如：
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时,他们欣喜若狂.
2、从引导词来看
引导词that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词,它在从句中充当一定成分---主语或宾语,有具体词意,作宾语时还可以省略.试比较：
The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂.(that在从句中作宾语,所以此句是宾语从句)
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的.(that只起连接从句的作用,所以此句是同谓语从句) 1． 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句.
2． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that.如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了.
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导.如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来.
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句.
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑.
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定.
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题.
解释：
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用,无意义.在从句中不充当句子成分.不可省.
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分.如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略.
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容.
从句起限定作用,是定语
如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句,that不可省.)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的.
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省.)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的.
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示.should可省.如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题.
给大家附些测试题,以便自我检测一下!
测试：
A. 用适当的连接词填空：
1． It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn’t tell me we were wrong.
10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择：
1． It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can’t come to the meeting.
A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person
6. I really don’t know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why
7. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember .
A. where B. there C. which D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD
They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点,所有的物质都是由原子构成的.
1、从先行词来看
同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是"主语＋be＋表语"的关系.该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词.例如：
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时,他们欣喜若狂.
2、从引导词来看
引导词that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词,它在从句中充当一定成分---主语或宾语,有具体词意,作宾语时还可以省略.试比较：
The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂.(that在从句中作宾语,所以此句是宾语从句)
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的.(that只起连接从句的作用,所以此句是同谓语从句) 1． 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句.
2． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that.如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了.
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导.如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来.
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句.
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑.
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定.
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题.
解释：
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用,无意义.在从句中不充当句子成分.不可省.
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分.如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略.
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容.
从句起限定作用,是定语
如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句,that不可省.)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的.
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省.)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的.
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示.should可省.如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题.
给大家附些测试题,以便自我检测一下!
测试：
A. 用适当的连接词填空：
1． It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn’t tell me we were wrong.
10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择：
1． It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can’t come to the meeting.
A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person
6. I really don’t know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why
7. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember .
A. where B. there C. which D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD