Make a comparison of Chinese and Western table etiquettes.问答

Make a comparison of Chinese and Western table etiquettes.问答题,

タ鏂圭ぜ浠?枃鍖栧樊寮 With China entry the WTO and will hold the Olympic Games in 2008,the relationship between China and Western in politics,economy,culture will become more and more close.It is undoubtedly that the etiquette will play an important role in this process.To the definition of etiquette,China and Western have a different understanding.As Chinese thinks that the etiquette is the common behavior standards that all the members must obey,and its purpose is to keep the normal living order of the society.In ancient China,a famous philosopher thinks that etiquette is a principal to deal with the relationship between man and supernatural beings,man and ghosts,man and men.There are also many words about etiquette in English.For example,courtesy which means courteous behavior,good manners; protocol which means system of rules governing formal occasion,e .g,meetings,between governments,diplomats,etc.And these words are all from the same French word etiquette.Of course,more spread and more profound cultural comment of the western etiquette is from the Classical Period,i.e.,old Athens and Roma culture.Today,etiquette become the reflection and manifestation of one country鈥 s politics,economy,culture in people鈥檚 social contact.And it include the principal and moral that people should obey in daily life.Etiquette formed in the process of the deposition of culture and social contact.So every nation have their own etiquette standard which created with the spirit of this their nation.Because of this formed the cultural difference between different nations.As languages is the carrier of the human culture.This difference must reflect in the language of different nations.So in the following,we will take china,British and America as the representation of Western,to look at some cultural difference in etiquette,and then analyze the reasons.Furthermore,we will discuss how to learn western culture.
It is also appropriate to ask how they prefer to be addressed.Children should always address adults in the formal fashion,using their title and last name.Another difference is about the form of addressing.From the viewpoint of sociolinguistics,forms of addressing can serve as an indication of the relationship of power and solidarity in the society.In calling their superiors or elders,the Chinese are accustomed to the nonreciprocal or asymmetrical addressing,in other words.They use 鈥渢itle +surname鈥 to address their superior or elders rather than call them surnames,while the superior or elders call the addressers their names.The Chinese tend to abide by the polite principle of depreciating oneself and respecting others to show appropriate respects towards the persons being addressed,otherwise,the addresser may be considered as ill mannered,ill educated or rude.But in English speaking countries,people have a tendency to follow the reciprocal or symmetrical addressing.Although they are different in age and status,they can call the other directly,namely,their names,even first names except when they call the doctors,not arousing offence between them,but demonstrating the sense of intimacy and the conception of鈥 Everyone is created equal鈥 .Chinese people feel unnatural addressing a westerner by his given name,feeling that it indicates too close a relationship,and westerners,on the other hand,may feel that if a Chinese insists on using his surname,it indicates an unwillingness to be friendly and maintains a gap between them.So the use of forms like鈥 Miss Mary鈥 or 鈥淢r.Smith 鈥 may be a Chinese forms of compromise.With Miss Mary,the use of the given name indicates friendliness,but the addition of the title indicates the respect they feel they ought to show.And with Smith,the lack of a title indicates friendliness,but the use of the surname prevents if sounding too intimate.However,both addressing used by the Chinese sound very strange and uncomfortable to the westerner.3.Compliments and ResponseTo compliment is to praise the addressee鈥檚 virtues,ability,behavior,appearance,clothing,personality and belongs.Appropriate compliments can serve as effective supplementary means in inter-personal communication.Western and Chinese culture are at polar opposites about compliment.An western hostess,if she is complimented for her cooking skill,is likely to say,鈥 Oh,I am so glad that you liked it.I cook it especially for you.鈥 Not so is a Chinese hostess,who will instead apologize for giving you 鈥淣othing鈥?They will say鈥滈殢渚夸綔鍑犱釜鑿?涓嶅ソ鍚 .鈥滻f translate this into English鈥淚 just made some dishes casually and they are not very tasty.Perhaps the foreigner will think why you invite me to you family and have the untasty food.You aren't respect me.The English-speaking people are more active to praise others and to be praise than Chinese people.For example,the Americans are 鈥渟traight forwardness鈥?the Chinese take pride in 鈥渕odesty鈥?That modesty has left many a Chinese hungry at an Americans table,for Chinese politeness calls for three refusals before one accepts an offer and the Americans hosts take 鈥漬o 鈥 to mean 鈥渘o whether it is the first,second or third time.Still bigger differences exist in people鈥檚 attitude towards compliments,i.e.,in the response to compliments.Chinese are tend to efface themselves in words or refuse it,although they do feel comfortable about the compliments .So many westerners simply feel puzzled or even upset when their Chinese friends refused their compliments.The Chinese people are not intending to be modest with the sacrifice of friendship in so doing,but it is rather due to the traditional Chinese philosophy,that of modesty.The Chinese people regard modesty as a most valuable virtue,so they seldom agree to the compliment on their own.
妤间富鐪嬬潃鑷?繁淇?敼鍚?