神马作文网九年级被动语态重点?
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：神马作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/10 21:42:29
九年级被动语态重点?
被动语态
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态（The Active Voice）表示主语是动作的执行者.
被动语态（The Passive Voice）表示主语是动作的承受者.
构成：承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时：承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时：承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法：
1）当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态.
2）当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.
3）如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者.
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致.
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况：
1）主语＋谓语动词＋宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.
（主动）We bought a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was bought yesterday.
2）主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语.多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语.如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for.
（主动）He showed me a book yesterday.
（被动）I was showed a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was showed to me yesterday.
3）主语＋谓语动词＋复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语.
（主动）I found him a good pupil. （宾语补足语）
（被动）He was found a good pupil. （主语补足语）
4）短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态,但短语动词是不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词.
（主动）We should look after the patients very well.
（被动）The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5）宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句,变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面.
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题：
（1）不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词.
（主动）The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
（被动）The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
（2）当动词带有复合宾语时,并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”.
（主动）They make do all the work.
（被动）We were made to do all the work.
（主动）We often hear her sing English songs.
（被动）She is often heard to sing English songs.
（主动）I see him walk to school.
（被动）He is seen to walk to school.
一、主动语态和被动语态概说英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者.被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成：Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他. (主动语态) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢.(被动语态) 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)：He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him. 【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略：He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年.What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)：He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)：He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to)She made him a new coat. → A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)有时以上两种方式均可用：He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱.→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表.→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. 3. 被动语态的时态被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现,其基本结构和用法如下：(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am [is, are]+过去分词English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语.We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾.(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was [were]+过去分词He was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局.The house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10年前建的.(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词A new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼.The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2点举行.(4) 现在完成时的被动语态：have [has]been+过去分词All the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了.Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗?(5) 过去完成时的被动语态：had been+过去分词He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了.(6) 现在进行时的被动语态：am [is, are] being+过去分词My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理.The plan is now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论.(7) 过去进行时的被动语态：was [were] being+过去分词He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术.He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站.(8) 过去将来时的被动语态：would be+过去分词He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于.4. 含有情态动词的被动形式若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”：Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.请看以下带情态动词被动句实例： This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的.Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了.
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态（The Active Voice）表示主语是动作的执行者.
被动语态（The Passive Voice）表示主语是动作的承受者.
构成：承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时：承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时：承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法：
1）当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态.
2）当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.
3）如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者.
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致.
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况：
1）主语＋谓语动词＋宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.
（主动）We bought a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was bought yesterday.
2）主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语.多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语.如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for.
（主动）He showed me a book yesterday.
（被动）I was showed a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was showed to me yesterday.
3）主语＋谓语动词＋复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语.
（主动）I found him a good pupil. （宾语补足语）
（被动）He was found a good pupil. （主语补足语）
4）短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态,但短语动词是不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词.
（主动）We should look after the patients very well.
（被动）The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5）宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句,变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面.
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题：
（1）不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词.
（主动）The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
（被动）The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
（2）当动词带有复合宾语时,并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”.
（主动）They make do all the work.
（被动）We were made to do all the work.
（主动）We often hear her sing English songs.
（被动）She is often heard to sing English songs.
（主动）I see him walk to school.
（被动）He is seen to walk to school.
一、主动语态和被动语态概说英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者.被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成：Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他. (主动语态) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢.(被动语态) 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)：He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him. 【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略：He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年.What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)：He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)：He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to)She made him a new coat. → A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)有时以上两种方式均可用：He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱.→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表.→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. 3. 被动语态的时态被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现,其基本结构和用法如下：(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am [is, are]+过去分词English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语.We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾.(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was [were]+过去分词He was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局.The house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10年前建的.(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词A new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼.The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2点举行.(4) 现在完成时的被动语态：have [has]been+过去分词All the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了.Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗?(5) 过去完成时的被动语态：had been+过去分词He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了.(6) 现在进行时的被动语态：am [is, are] being+过去分词My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理.The plan is now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论.(7) 过去进行时的被动语态：was [were] being+过去分词He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术.He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站.(8) 过去将来时的被动语态：would be+过去分词He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于.4. 含有情态动词的被动形式若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”：Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.请看以下带情态动词被动句实例： This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的.Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了.