英语语法中现在分词和动名词有什么区别
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英语语法中现在分词和动名词有什么区别
其实这两个点这间不需要做什么特别的区别的,因为特别常见,也很好理解,从太过理论的角度来看它反而可能越说越繁.以下不知道楼主看了有没有帮助.资料来源:英语学园网站 动名词与现在分词的区别主要是:1.如果-ing形式在句中作表语,那么它可能是现在分词,也可能是动名词.区别方法是:动名词作定语时,说明被修饰的名词的用途(可以用"use for +动名词"这个结构代替),它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系;现在分词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词的行为 ,和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系(可以扩展为定语从句).E.g.:a sleeping car=a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢 (sleeping此处为动名词 ) a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子 (sleeping此处为现在分词 ) 2.动名词具有名词的性质:可以和名次一样有冠词或this、some等形容词; E.g.:A knocking at the door was heard 可以和名次一样有所有格、复数形式; E.g.:He enjoys reading for reading’s sake,not for scholarship.He is so busy that I can’t keep track of all his comings and goings.可以带有所有格已表明动作者.E.g.:Please excuse my coming late.3.如果-ing形式在句中作表语,那么它可能是现在分词,也可能是动名词.区别方法是:如果ing形式相当于一个名词,可以与主语交换位置,它就是动名词.如果-ing形式相当于 形容词,不能与主语交换位置,它就是现在分词.4.“动名词+名词”和“现在分词+名词”的读音不同,前者的重音在“动名词”上 (a ‘sleeping suit),而后者的重音在“名词”上(a sleeping ‘child).5.动名词用法的特殊情况 ① No+动名词——用于简短的禁令或禁律 E.g.:No smoking.② There is no+-ing(…是不可能的)= It is impossible to = No one can (or We cannot ) E.g.:There is no telling when lasting peace will come.(谁也不知道永久的和平何 时到来) ③ Never (or not) … without + -ing (每次…都…)= whenever E.g.:He never comes without bringing some present.④ It goes without saying that (…是不用说的)= It is needless to say that E.g.:It goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing.⑤ Do+动名词(做需要若干时间或一再重复的事情)——动名词之前都由the、所有 格或some/a little/ much/ a lot of 之类的形容词.E.g.:Do you do much fishing?⑥ On (or upon) +-ing (当…,一…就…)=when (or as soon as) +S.+ V.⑦ Of one’s own = -ing (自己…的)=-ed by oneself E.g.:He showed me a picture of his own painting.⑧ Make a point of –ing (必定,重视)= make it a point to E.g.:He makes a point of calling on me on New Year’s Day.⑨ Be on (or upon) the point of –ing (正要)= be just about to 6.如果-ing形式在句中充当状语和补语,那么它一定是现在分词.如果-ing形式在句中充当主语、宾语、同位语,那么它一定是动名词.