神马作文网英语语法中的动词不定式和事态有哪些?怎样区分when和 while except 和beside
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：神马作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/19 18:50:38
英语语法中的动词不定式和事态有哪些?怎样区分when和 while except 和beside
When和While的区别
①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间,while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词.
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生.
③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如：
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b. They were singing while we were dancing.
④when和while 还可作并列连词.when表示“在那时”；while表示“而,却”,表对照关系.如：
a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音.
b. He is strong while his brother is weak.
他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱.
except
prep.1. 除...之外
We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天,我们每天都去那儿.
They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman.
除了那位年轻的法国人以外,他们全都去睡觉了.
I like her except when she is angry.
除了她发怒的时候,我挺喜欢她.
He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.
他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病.
conj.1. 除了
She did nothing except complain while she was here.
她在这里时除了抱怨还是抱怨.
2. 要不是;但是
I would go except it's too far.
我想去的,只是路太远.
vt.1. 把...除外;不计
The minors are excepted from the regulation.
未成年者不在此限.
You will all be punished; I can except no one.
你们全得受罚,我一个也不饶.
vi.1. 反对;表示异议[(+to/against)]
The defendant excepted to the witness.
被告对这个见证人提出异议.
beside
prep.1. 在...近旁;在旁边
He sat down beside Emma.
他在艾玛身旁坐下.
2. 和...相比
She seems dull beside that girl.
与那个女孩相比,她显得乏味.
3. 和...无关;离(题)
That's beside the point.
那事与此不相干.
4. 除此以外(现在一般用besides)
besides
ad.1. 此外,而且,加之
The driver couldn't see either. Besides, the roads are nearly impassable.
刚才司机也看不清楚.而且这些路简直无法通行.
Besides, I want you to promise me one thing.
此外,我要你答应我一件事.
2. 在其他方面
prep.1. 在...之外,除...之外
What has he done, besides reading the paper?
除了看报,他还做了什么?
He had other people to take care of besides me.
除我之外,他还要照顾别人.
besides的用法可从下述几点掌握.
一、 besides作为介词,意为"除.之外",通常表示"包括后者在内".
Besides half a bottle of whisky, he drank three gins and some beer. 除了半瓶威士忌,他还喝了三杯杜松子酒和一些啤酒.
Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. 除了文学,我们还得学历史和哲学.
二、 besides作为副词,意为"此外;而且;还有",一般用于句子之前.
I don't like those shoes; besides, they are too expensive. 那双鞋我不喜欢,而且也太贵了.
It's too late to go to the football match now; besides,it's beginning to snow. 现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了,何况,又开始下雪了.
三、 besides与beside的区别
作介词时,两词词义有别.beside意为"在.旁边;和.相比;与.无关".特别提醒,besides还可作副词,但beside只作介词.
I'd like to sit beside you, you know. 你知道,我愿意坐在你旁边.
You look tall beside him. 你看来比他高.
He didn't know his answer was beside the point. 他不知道他的回答离了题.
Besides knowing some Greek, she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利.
四、besides与 except 、but以及 except for的区别
1. besides意为"除.之外"(包括后者在内),通常与other, also等词连用.
What other languages do you know besides English?除了英语之外,你还懂什么语言?
Besides being wrong, your proposed action is also unwise. 你所建议的行动不仅是错误的,而且是很不明智的.
2. except意为"除.之外"(不包括后者在内)
He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除了星期日之外,他每天都早起.
They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除了那个年轻的法国人之外,他们都睡着了.
注:在否定句中,当表达"不包括后者在内"时,也可用besides.
No one passed except / besides Richard. 除了理查德外,谁也没有考及格.
此外,except后可接从句作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语.当其前的动词是实义动词do及其变化形式时,不定式常省去to.
He hasn't changed at all except that he is no longer so talkative. 他一点也没有变,只是不像以前爱说话了.
She always goes to school by bike except when it rains. 除非天下雨,她总是骑自行车上学.
The bear has no choice except to lie down and sleep.熊没有别的选择,只好躺下睡觉.
I couldn't do anything except just sit down and hope.我坐在那儿盼着,简直毫无办法.
3. but意为"除.之外"(不包括在内)常和no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything, none, not anything 等连用.有时可与except替换.
Everybody was invited to the evening party but / except me. 除我之外,所有人都被邀请参加那次晚会.
Yesterday evening, I had nothing to do but / except watch TV. 昨天晚上除了看电视,我无事可做.
4. except for意为"除去.之外;只是",表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价,然后就其局部提出一点看法,所排除的不是同一范畴的东西.
Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了有几个拼写错误外,你的文章写得很好.
Except for a cartoon,no films could interest her. 除了动画片外,什么电影都不能使她感兴趣.
五、besides与apart from的区别
与besides不同之处,apart from既可表示"排除;例外"的含义(相当于except),也可以表示"包括;补充"的含义(相当于besides).
The children hardly see anyone, apart from their parents. 除了他们的父母,孩子们很少看见其他人.
Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 游泳,除了有趣和很好的身体锻炼之外,还是一个很有用的技能.
①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间,while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词.
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生.
③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如：
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b. They were singing while we were dancing.
④when和while 还可作并列连词.when表示“在那时”；while表示“而,却”,表对照关系.如：
a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音.
b. He is strong while his brother is weak.
他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱.
except
prep.1. 除...之外
We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天,我们每天都去那儿.
They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman.
除了那位年轻的法国人以外,他们全都去睡觉了.
I like her except when she is angry.
除了她发怒的时候,我挺喜欢她.
He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.
他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病.
conj.1. 除了
She did nothing except complain while she was here.
她在这里时除了抱怨还是抱怨.
2. 要不是;但是
I would go except it's too far.
我想去的,只是路太远.
vt.1. 把...除外;不计
The minors are excepted from the regulation.
未成年者不在此限.
You will all be punished; I can except no one.
你们全得受罚,我一个也不饶.
vi.1. 反对;表示异议[(+to/against)]
The defendant excepted to the witness.
被告对这个见证人提出异议.
beside
prep.1. 在...近旁;在旁边
He sat down beside Emma.
他在艾玛身旁坐下.
2. 和...相比
She seems dull beside that girl.
与那个女孩相比,她显得乏味.
3. 和...无关;离(题)
That's beside the point.
那事与此不相干.
4. 除此以外(现在一般用besides)
besides
ad.1. 此外,而且,加之
The driver couldn't see either. Besides, the roads are nearly impassable.
刚才司机也看不清楚.而且这些路简直无法通行.
Besides, I want you to promise me one thing.
此外,我要你答应我一件事.
2. 在其他方面
prep.1. 在...之外,除...之外
What has he done, besides reading the paper?
除了看报,他还做了什么?
He had other people to take care of besides me.
除我之外,他还要照顾别人.
besides的用法可从下述几点掌握.
一、 besides作为介词,意为"除.之外",通常表示"包括后者在内".
Besides half a bottle of whisky, he drank three gins and some beer. 除了半瓶威士忌,他还喝了三杯杜松子酒和一些啤酒.
Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. 除了文学,我们还得学历史和哲学.
二、 besides作为副词,意为"此外;而且;还有",一般用于句子之前.
I don't like those shoes; besides, they are too expensive. 那双鞋我不喜欢,而且也太贵了.
It's too late to go to the football match now; besides,it's beginning to snow. 现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了,何况,又开始下雪了.
三、 besides与beside的区别
作介词时,两词词义有别.beside意为"在.旁边;和.相比;与.无关".特别提醒,besides还可作副词,但beside只作介词.
I'd like to sit beside you, you know. 你知道,我愿意坐在你旁边.
You look tall beside him. 你看来比他高.
He didn't know his answer was beside the point. 他不知道他的回答离了题.
Besides knowing some Greek, she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利.
四、besides与 except 、but以及 except for的区别
1. besides意为"除.之外"(包括后者在内),通常与other, also等词连用.
What other languages do you know besides English?除了英语之外,你还懂什么语言?
Besides being wrong, your proposed action is also unwise. 你所建议的行动不仅是错误的,而且是很不明智的.
2. except意为"除.之外"(不包括后者在内)
He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除了星期日之外,他每天都早起.
They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除了那个年轻的法国人之外,他们都睡着了.
注:在否定句中,当表达"不包括后者在内"时,也可用besides.
No one passed except / besides Richard. 除了理查德外,谁也没有考及格.
此外,except后可接从句作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语.当其前的动词是实义动词do及其变化形式时,不定式常省去to.
He hasn't changed at all except that he is no longer so talkative. 他一点也没有变,只是不像以前爱说话了.
She always goes to school by bike except when it rains. 除非天下雨,她总是骑自行车上学.
The bear has no choice except to lie down and sleep.熊没有别的选择,只好躺下睡觉.
I couldn't do anything except just sit down and hope.我坐在那儿盼着,简直毫无办法.
3. but意为"除.之外"(不包括在内)常和no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything, none, not anything 等连用.有时可与except替换.
Everybody was invited to the evening party but / except me. 除我之外,所有人都被邀请参加那次晚会.
Yesterday evening, I had nothing to do but / except watch TV. 昨天晚上除了看电视,我无事可做.
4. except for意为"除去.之外;只是",表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价,然后就其局部提出一点看法,所排除的不是同一范畴的东西.
Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了有几个拼写错误外,你的文章写得很好.
Except for a cartoon,no films could interest her. 除了动画片外,什么电影都不能使她感兴趣.
五、besides与apart from的区别
与besides不同之处,apart from既可表示"排除;例外"的含义(相当于except),也可以表示"包括;补充"的含义(相当于besides).
The children hardly see anyone, apart from their parents. 除了他们的父母,孩子们很少看见其他人.
Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 游泳,除了有趣和很好的身体锻炼之外,还是一个很有用的技能.