200-300词关于玛雅文明的英文介绍
来源:学生作业帮 编辑:神马作文网作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/09/22 19:37:07
200-300词关于玛雅文明的英文介绍
初二的水平,较难的词最好有备注,
初二的水平,较难的词最好有备注,
MAYA CIVILIZATION Like the Egyptians,the Maya are well known for their pyramids,which vary in shape,depending on where they were built.The Maya occupied the Yucatan Peninsula注1 and their civilization[文明] was formed as early as 1500 BC.Contrary to[与……相反] popular mystery,the Maya never “disappeared” - millions of them still live in the region,many of which still speak one or another language of the Mayan family.The Maya worshipped[崇拜] the gods of nature every day.Their religion was characterized[以……特色] by the worship of nature gods,especially the gods of sun,rain and corn.Their amazing architecture remain as great ruins at the centers where they used for religious ceremonies[典礼],including Palenque注2,Uxmal and Chichen Itza.About 300-900 AD,the major centers like Palenque,Tikal and Copan were mysteriously abandoned[遗弃].The reasons are still unknown.A few centers remained in existence until the Spanish arrived in the 16th century.Many people consider Mayan art and architecture to be the most sophisticated[精致的] and beautiful of the ancient New World.The carvings at Palenque and the statues[雕像] of Copan are especially refined[精制的],showing a grace and accurate observation of the human form,which reminded early archaeologists[考古学家] of the classical civilization of the Old World.With the decipherment[解读] of the Mayan script,it was discovered that the Maya were one of the few civilizations where artists attached[附上] their name to their work.The Mayan writing system is a combination of phonetic[语音的] symbols and ideograms[表意文字].The decipherment of the Mayan writings has been a long laborious[艰苦的] process.Shortly after the European conquest[征服],the overzealous[过分热心的] Spanish priests had ordered the burning of all the Mayan books.However,many stone inscriptions[碑铭] still survive.Today,the majority of Mayan texts can be read almost completely in their original languages.The Maya developed independently the concept of zero and used a base 20 numbering system.They developed astronomy[天文学],calendar systems and writing.The Maya also built observatories[天文台] to watch stars and they produced extremely accurate astronomical observations.In addition,they were highly skilled as potters[陶工] and weavers[织工].Maya marriages were arranged by adults and priests,and not as frequently by a couple who had fallen in love.The Maya married at a younger age than people do nowadays.When a boy reached 16,and a girl reached 12,they would each have a ceremony.They wore jewelry such as white beads[珠子] for boys and red shells for girls.At the wedding ceremony the couple would be blessed by a priest[牧师].And it is believed,there was no honeymoon and no vows[誓言] exchanged.