I'd rather...than...这种结构是虚拟语气吗?
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I'd rather...than...这种结构是虚拟语气吗?
我只知道I would rather 要用虚拟语气的
我只知道I would rather 要用虚拟语气的
应该.
虚拟语气
1) 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反.
2) 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句.非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气.
●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断
一、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设.该语法主要用于if条件状语从句.也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等.
二、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句.只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气.通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反.通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反.②与现在事实相反.③与将来事实可能相反.
三、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态.即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”.也就是:
①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示.
②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示.
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示.
主句中则用情态动词would,should,could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式.
例:If I had come her yesterday,I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher,I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow,they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
①if条件句中如有were,should,had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序.
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were.
●宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气
wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词.注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断.
二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成.而且should可以省去.用于此结构的动词有:advise,direct,agree,ask,demand,decide,desire,insist,order,prefer,propose,request,suggest等.
注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气.
The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
三、would rather +从句
在这种结构中,从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟.
I would rather you did this instead of me.
●主语从句中的虚拟语气
一、It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...
用于该句型的形容词是:necessary,good,inportant,right,wrong,better,natural,proper,funny,strange,surprising .
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中.如:a pity,no wonder....
二、It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词.如:desired,suggested,requested,ordered,proposed等.
三、It is time(about time,high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....
It is high time I went home now.= It is high time I should go home now.
●表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,advice,decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气.其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词.另外连接从句的that不能省略.
例:My suggestion is that weshould go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
虚拟语气
1) 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反.
2) 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句.非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气.
●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断
一、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设.该语法主要用于if条件状语从句.也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等.
二、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句.只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气.通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反.通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反.②与现在事实相反.③与将来事实可能相反.
三、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态.即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”.也就是:
①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示.
②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示.
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示.
主句中则用情态动词would,should,could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式.
例:If I had come her yesterday,I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher,I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow,they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
①if条件句中如有were,should,had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序.
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were.
●宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气
wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词.注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断.
二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成.而且should可以省去.用于此结构的动词有:advise,direct,agree,ask,demand,decide,desire,insist,order,prefer,propose,request,suggest等.
注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气.
The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
三、would rather +从句
在这种结构中,从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟.
I would rather you did this instead of me.
●主语从句中的虚拟语气
一、It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...
用于该句型的形容词是:necessary,good,inportant,right,wrong,better,natural,proper,funny,strange,surprising .
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中.如:a pity,no wonder....
二、It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词.如:desired,suggested,requested,ordered,proposed等.
三、It is time(about time,high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....
It is high time I went home now.= It is high time I should go home now.
●表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,advice,decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气.其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词.另外连接从句的that不能省略.
例:My suggestion is that weshould go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
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