英语宾语从句中否定前移是怎么回事
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英语宾语从句中否定前移是怎么回事
根据语法的惯例,think,suppose,believe,imagine,guess 等后的宾语从句如果是否定句,要把否定转移到主句的think等动词上,这叫做“否定前移”或“否定前置”.
如:I think you can not go there by bus.(误)
I don’t think you can go there by bus.(正)
我认为你不能乘坐公共汽车去那儿.
在冀教版九年级课本第25课课文中,有这么一句话:“I thought you didn’t have any money.”该句是一个宾语从句,从句中的否定没有转移到主句中.这是为什么呢?是不是还有其他情况下否定不前移呢?笔者经过翻阅若干本英语参考书及工具书,总结出以下情况下think 等词后的宾语从句的否定不能转移到主句think动词上.
① think 是完成时态或完成进行时态时;
如:I have been thinking that we should not take his advice.
我一直认为我们不应该听他的话.
② think 是一般过去时或过去进行时态时;
如:We thought that this book was not worth reading.
我们认为这本书值得一读.
③ think 前有副词修饰的时候;
如:I almost think you are not my son’s teacher.
我差点认为你不是我儿子的老师.
④ think 前有do,did 等词强调时;
如:I do think that she is not pretty at all.
我确实认为她不漂亮.
⑤ think 用于一般疑问句或特殊疑问句中;
如:Do you think he will not join the Party?
你认为他不会入党吗?
Why do think we can’t beat you?
你们怎么认为我们打不赢你们呢?
⑥ 当think后的宾语从句中含有no,never,nothing,nobody等否定词时;
如:I think she may have nothing to do today.
我认为她今天没事干.
⑦ 当 think 用作插入语时;
如:Your sister ,I think,is not a friendly gay.
我认为你妹妹不太友好.
⑧ 当think后的宾语从句中含有not at all,not a little,not enough,can’t help doing 等固定词组时;如:I think you can’t help laughing when you hear the joke.
我认为你听到这个笑话时会忍不住笑的.
⑨ 当think和另一个动词构成并列谓语时;
如:I think and hope you won’t feel sad even if you lose the match.
我们认为也希望,即使您们输掉了比赛,你们也不会伤心的.
⑩ 当think用作虚拟语气的谓语had thought,表示“本来认为……”时;
如:I had thought that he hadn’t come here.
我本来认为他不来了呢.
如:I think you can not go there by bus.(误)
I don’t think you can go there by bus.(正)
我认为你不能乘坐公共汽车去那儿.
在冀教版九年级课本第25课课文中,有这么一句话:“I thought you didn’t have any money.”该句是一个宾语从句,从句中的否定没有转移到主句中.这是为什么呢?是不是还有其他情况下否定不前移呢?笔者经过翻阅若干本英语参考书及工具书,总结出以下情况下think 等词后的宾语从句的否定不能转移到主句think动词上.
① think 是完成时态或完成进行时态时;
如:I have been thinking that we should not take his advice.
我一直认为我们不应该听他的话.
② think 是一般过去时或过去进行时态时;
如:We thought that this book was not worth reading.
我们认为这本书值得一读.
③ think 前有副词修饰的时候;
如:I almost think you are not my son’s teacher.
我差点认为你不是我儿子的老师.
④ think 前有do,did 等词强调时;
如:I do think that she is not pretty at all.
我确实认为她不漂亮.
⑤ think 用于一般疑问句或特殊疑问句中;
如:Do you think he will not join the Party?
你认为他不会入党吗?
Why do think we can’t beat you?
你们怎么认为我们打不赢你们呢?
⑥ 当think后的宾语从句中含有no,never,nothing,nobody等否定词时;
如:I think she may have nothing to do today.
我认为她今天没事干.
⑦ 当 think 用作插入语时;
如:Your sister ,I think,is not a friendly gay.
我认为你妹妹不太友好.
⑧ 当think后的宾语从句中含有not at all,not a little,not enough,can’t help doing 等固定词组时;如:I think you can’t help laughing when you hear the joke.
我认为你听到这个笑话时会忍不住笑的.
⑨ 当think和另一个动词构成并列谓语时;
如:I think and hope you won’t feel sad even if you lose the match.
我们认为也希望,即使您们输掉了比赛,你们也不会伤心的.
⑩ 当think用作虚拟语气的谓语had thought,表示“本来认为……”时;
如:I had thought that he hadn’t come here.
我本来认为他不来了呢.