英语翻译Step in Problem SolvingCan a computer solve problems?Def

英语翻译
Step in Problem Solving
Can a computer solve problems?Definitely not.It is a machine that carries out the procedures which the programmer gives it.It is the programmer then who solves the problems.There are a few steps that one has follow in problem solving:
Step 1.The programmer must define the problem clearly.This means that he or she has to determine,in a general way,how to solve the problem.Some problems are easy,while others takes months of study.The programmer should always start by asking:“Do I understand the problem?”
Step 2.The programmer must formulate an algorithm,which is a straight forward sequence of steps of instructions used to solve the problem.Constructing an algorithm is the most important part of problem solving and is usually time-consuming.An algorithm can be described by a flowchart,which may be stated in terms of a sequence of precise sentence,or a block diagram.The latter is a diagrammatic representation of the sequence of events to be followed in solving the problem.The relationship between the events is shown by means of arrow→.A block diagram can show if a process has to be repeated or it there are alternative routes to be taken.
Step 3.The programmer must translate the algorithm or flowchart into a computer program.To do so,he or she writes detailed instructions for the computer,using one of the many computer languages available following the exact sequence of the flowchart algorithm.The program is usually written on coding sheets which have a specific format drawn on them.
Step 4.The programmer must then keypunch the program,or give the coding sheets to the keypunch operator to do it.The program is either punched on cards or,more usually,entered into the computer at a terminal with a visual display unit.
Step 5.The program must then be tested.To do so,the computer operator puts the deck of cards in the card reader and presses the ‘read’ button.This transfers the information to the memory of the computer.Alternatively,the program must be read from disk into the memory.Next,a printout shows if the program works or if it has cards to enter the instructions it is possible,with the aid of a few commands,to store the program in the memory of the computer and get a printout.
Step 6.The last step is to add the data to the program and run the job completely.The computer will then perform the calculations necessary to solve the problem.It will follow the perform the calculations necessary to solve the problem.It will follow the instructions in the program to the minutest details.Therefore,one can say that the computer is a robot.It doesn’t think,but simply does what it is told.

帮你译了：
解决问题的步骤
计算机能够解决问题吗?当然不行.它只不过是一个能够处理程序员指令的机器,实际解决问题的是程序员.以下是解决问题遵循的几个步骤：
第一步：程序员需要清楚的理解这个问题.这意味着他/她需要大致的决定如何解决这个问题.有些问题很简单,然而有的则要花几个月去研究.在开始之前,程序员永远都应该自问“我是否理解了这个问题”.
第二步：程序员需要制定算法（algorithm）,这是解决问题的程序中紧接着的一步.制定算法是最重要的部分,它通常也是非常耗时的.“算法”通常被描述为“流程图”（由一系列严格的语句所描述）或“框图”,后者是一种用图表来描述解决问题中会出现的事件的顺序的方法,事件之间用箭头来表示.
→框图能够体现某个步骤是否需要重复操作或者是否有需要二选一的过程.
第三步：程序员需要将算法或流程图转换成电脑程序.在做这一步时,他/她需要运用许多适合的计算机语言中的一种,严格按照流程图算法的顺序来给计算机编写详细的指令.计算机程序通常是用有特定格式规定的编码编写的.
第四步：接下来程序员需要录入电脑程序,或者把程序编码交给录入员处理.电脑程序将被记录到打孔卡上,更经常地是利用带有可视显示单元的终端来录入的电脑的.
第五步：然后电脑程序需要经过测试.在进行这个工作时,电脑操作员将一叠打孔卡放到读卡机内,然后按下“读出”按钮.这一步将信息传送到电脑的存储器里.接下来,打印输出材料会显示程序是否正常工作或者打孔卡是否输入了指令.如果可能的话,通过一些命令的帮助,可以将程序初春在电脑的存储器里并得到打印输出材料.
第六步：最后一步是往程序里补充数据,最终彻底地开始工作.接下来电脑会开始进行必要的演算以解决问题.它会遵循程序里最微小的细节来运作.因此,我们可以把电脑称作机器人,它不会思考,仅仅会按照别人所说的去做事.
（给楼下的：尊重他人劳动成果,请勿抄袭答案!）