英语翻译Raman spectroscopy is an inelastic photon scattering spe

英语翻译
Raman spectroscopy is an inelastic photon scattering spectrum,which reflects unique information concerning the vibration and electronic properties of materials.As for various types of carbon-based materials,even though these materials possess similar graphene-sheet-like microscopic structures,any minor differences existing in the structure or in the dimension could still be identified by means of Raman spectroscopy based on the different electronic properties and phonon vibrations of the materials.Raman spectroscopy,with its high sensitivity to shift-induced symmetry,its non-destructive quality,as well as its ability to be used in microanalytical studies,has become a powerful technique to identify the microscopic structure of nanoscale carbonbased materials .Recently,accompanying the deep exploration of the various properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs),Raman spectroscopy has been widely used to investigate the structure and physical properties of CNTs.For instance,Raman spectroscopy has been employed successfully to determine the diameter and distribution of nanotubes [2–4],their metallic or semiconducting nature ,and their orientation .Furthermore,Raman spectra can also be used to quantify the strain or stress that the nanotubes experience under external loads .Because the shifts of specific Raman bands associated with the nanotubes result from variations of the C＝C bond length,it is possible to directlyevaluate the interactions between the nanotubes and polymers using Raman spectra under dynamic conditions.Here,on the basis of an overview of Raman spectroscopic studies of CNTs,recent progress of Raman measurements in CNTbased composites are reviewed.

拉曼光谱是物质的非弹性散射光谱,能够提供材料在振动和电子性质方面的独特信息．碳质材料
种类繁多,多具有和石墨片层相似的微观结构；不同碳质材料在结构或尺寸方面存在微小的差异,其振动形式和电子特性往往就在拉曼光谱中表现出不同的特征．由于拉曼散射对碳质材料结构中的偏移对称性十分敏感,同时又具备所需样品量少、对样品无损伤等优点,使得拉曼散射成为一种探测纳米碳质材料微观结构信息的理想手段.近些年来,随着碳纳米管物性研究的逐步深入,显微拉曼光谱已经发展成为研究和表征碳纳米管物理性质的重要方法之一．一方面它可以用来确定单根碳纳米管的直径大小和管束的直径分布[2–4],碳纳米管的金属性或非金属性、以及碳纳米管的取向性等；另一方面,利用拉曼光谱也可定量评估动态条件下碳纳米管所承受的应力或应变的相对大小.在外加载荷作用下,碳纳米管中C﹦C键长会发生相应变化,导致碳纳米管拉曼光谱的特征峰位发生相应的移动,碳纳米管拉曼光谱特征峰对应力或应变环境的高灵敏度使得拉曼光谱成为研究碳纳米管聚合物复合材料中碳纳米管和聚合物分子间相互作用的绝佳工具．本文在概述碳纳米管拉曼光谱的基础上,着重评述了拉曼光谱在碳纳米管聚合物复合材料研究中的最新进展.