英语翻译Text:Type and Sources of Air PollutantsWhat Is Air Pollu
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英语翻译
Text:Type and Sources of Air Pollutants
What Is Air Pollution?Air pollution is normally defined an air that contains one or more chemicals in high enough concentrations to harm humans,other animals,vegentation or materials.There are two major types of air pollutants.A primary air pollutant is a chemical added directely to the air that occurs in a harmful concentration.It can be a natural air component,such as carbon dioxide,that rises above its normal concentration,or something not usually found in the air,such as a lead compound emitted by cars burning leaded gasoline.A secondary air pollutant is a harmful chemical formed in the atmosphere through a chemical reaction among air components.Serios air pollution usually results over a city or other area that is emitting high levels of pollutants during a period of air stagnation.The geographic location of some heavily populated cities,such as Los Angelles and Mexico City,makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup.
We must be careful about depending solely on concentration values in determinMajor air pollutants following are the 11 major types of air pollutants;
1.Carbon oxides:carbon monoxide (CO),carbon dioxide (CO2).
2.Sulfur oxides:sulfur dioxide (SO2),sulfur trioxide (SO3).
3.Nitrogen oxides:nitrous oxide (N2O),nitric oxide (NO),nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
4.Hydrocarbons ( organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen):methane(CH4),butane (C4H10),Benzene (C6H6).
5.Photochemical oxidants:ozone (O3),PAN (a group of peroxyacylnitrates),and various aldehydes.
6.Particulates (solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in air):smoke,dust,soot,asbestos,metallic particles (such as lead,beryllium cadmium),oil,salt spray,sulfate salts.
7.Other inorganic compounds; asbestos,hydrogen fluoride (HF),hydrogen sulfide (H2S),ammonia (NH3),sulfur acid (H2SO4),nitric acid (HNO3).
8.Other organic ( carbon-containing) compounds:pesticides ,herbicides,various alcohols,acids,and other chemicals.
9.Radioactive substances:tritium,radon,emissions form fossil fuel and nuclear poeer plants.
10.Heat.
11.Noise.
The following table summarizes the major sources of these pollutants.
Text:Type and Sources of Air Pollutants
What Is Air Pollution?Air pollution is normally defined an air that contains one or more chemicals in high enough concentrations to harm humans,other animals,vegentation or materials.There are two major types of air pollutants.A primary air pollutant is a chemical added directely to the air that occurs in a harmful concentration.It can be a natural air component,such as carbon dioxide,that rises above its normal concentration,or something not usually found in the air,such as a lead compound emitted by cars burning leaded gasoline.A secondary air pollutant is a harmful chemical formed in the atmosphere through a chemical reaction among air components.Serios air pollution usually results over a city or other area that is emitting high levels of pollutants during a period of air stagnation.The geographic location of some heavily populated cities,such as Los Angelles and Mexico City,makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup.
We must be careful about depending solely on concentration values in determinMajor air pollutants following are the 11 major types of air pollutants;
1.Carbon oxides:carbon monoxide (CO),carbon dioxide (CO2).
2.Sulfur oxides:sulfur dioxide (SO2),sulfur trioxide (SO3).
3.Nitrogen oxides:nitrous oxide (N2O),nitric oxide (NO),nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
4.Hydrocarbons ( organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen):methane(CH4),butane (C4H10),Benzene (C6H6).
5.Photochemical oxidants:ozone (O3),PAN (a group of peroxyacylnitrates),and various aldehydes.
6.Particulates (solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in air):smoke,dust,soot,asbestos,metallic particles (such as lead,beryllium cadmium),oil,salt spray,sulfate salts.
7.Other inorganic compounds; asbestos,hydrogen fluoride (HF),hydrogen sulfide (H2S),ammonia (NH3),sulfur acid (H2SO4),nitric acid (HNO3).
8.Other organic ( carbon-containing) compounds:pesticides ,herbicides,various alcohols,acids,and other chemicals.
9.Radioactive substances:tritium,radon,emissions form fossil fuel and nuclear poeer plants.
10.Heat.
11.Noise.
The following table summarizes the major sources of these pollutants.
标题:类型和来源的空气污染物
什么是空气污染?空气污染是通常定义的空气包含一个或一个以上的化学品,在足够高的浓度,以危害人类,其他动物,vegentation或材料.主要有两种类型的空气污染物.主要空气污染物是一种化学补充说:directely向空气中发生的一种有害的浓度.它可以是一种自然的空气成分,如二氧化碳,上升到高于其正常浓度,或一些通常不会发现,在空气中,如作为一个先导化合物排放的汽车燃烧含铅汽油.一二次空气污染物是一种有害化学形成了在大气中经过化学反应之间的空气成分.serios空气污染,通常的结果超过一个城市或其他地区是发光高水平的污染物期间的空气停滞.地理位置一些人口密集城市,如洛杉矶angelles和墨西哥城,使他们特别容易受到频繁,空气污染的停滞和建设.
我们必须小心行事,约只取决于对浓度值在determinimg严重的空气污染物.由自己,衡量浓度告诉我们什么危险所造成的污染物,因为阈值水平,协同作用,及生物放大,也是决定性因素.此外,我们遇到的问题,冲突的意见,什么构成伤害.
主要空气污染物,以下是11个主要类型的空气污染物;
1 .碳氧化物:一氧化碳( CO ) ,二氧化碳( CO2 ) .
2 .硫氧化物:二氧化硫( SO2的) ,三氧化硫( SO3的) .
3 .氮氧化物:氧化亚氮( N2O ) ,一氧化氮( NO ) ,二氧化氮(二氧化氮) .
4 .碳氢化合物(有机化合物含有碳,氢) :甲烷( CH4 ) ,丁烷( c4h10 ) ,苯(苯) .
5 .光化学氧化剂:臭氧( O3的) ,潘(一组peroxyacylnitrates ) ,和各种醛.
6 .微粒(固体颗粒或液滴悬浮在空气中) :烟雾,粉尘,烟尘,石棉,金属粒子(如铅,铍,镉) ,石油,盐雾,硫酸盐.
7 .其他无机化合物;石棉,氟化氢(高频) ,硫化氢( H2S ) ,氨(氨) ,硫酸(硫酸) ,硝酸( HNO3的) .
8 .其他有机(碳含)化合物:农药,除草剂,各种醇,酸,及其他化学品.
9 .放射性物质:氚,氡气,排放形式的矿物燃料和核poeer植物.
10 .加热.
11 .噪音.
下表汇总的主要来源是这些污染物.
什么是空气污染?空气污染是通常定义的空气包含一个或一个以上的化学品,在足够高的浓度,以危害人类,其他动物,vegentation或材料.主要有两种类型的空气污染物.主要空气污染物是一种化学补充说:directely向空气中发生的一种有害的浓度.它可以是一种自然的空气成分,如二氧化碳,上升到高于其正常浓度,或一些通常不会发现,在空气中,如作为一个先导化合物排放的汽车燃烧含铅汽油.一二次空气污染物是一种有害化学形成了在大气中经过化学反应之间的空气成分.serios空气污染,通常的结果超过一个城市或其他地区是发光高水平的污染物期间的空气停滞.地理位置一些人口密集城市,如洛杉矶angelles和墨西哥城,使他们特别容易受到频繁,空气污染的停滞和建设.
我们必须小心行事,约只取决于对浓度值在determinimg严重的空气污染物.由自己,衡量浓度告诉我们什么危险所造成的污染物,因为阈值水平,协同作用,及生物放大,也是决定性因素.此外,我们遇到的问题,冲突的意见,什么构成伤害.
主要空气污染物,以下是11个主要类型的空气污染物;
1 .碳氧化物:一氧化碳( CO ) ,二氧化碳( CO2 ) .
2 .硫氧化物:二氧化硫( SO2的) ,三氧化硫( SO3的) .
3 .氮氧化物:氧化亚氮( N2O ) ,一氧化氮( NO ) ,二氧化氮(二氧化氮) .
4 .碳氢化合物(有机化合物含有碳,氢) :甲烷( CH4 ) ,丁烷( c4h10 ) ,苯(苯) .
5 .光化学氧化剂:臭氧( O3的) ,潘(一组peroxyacylnitrates ) ,和各种醛.
6 .微粒(固体颗粒或液滴悬浮在空气中) :烟雾,粉尘,烟尘,石棉,金属粒子(如铅,铍,镉) ,石油,盐雾,硫酸盐.
7 .其他无机化合物;石棉,氟化氢(高频) ,硫化氢( H2S ) ,氨(氨) ,硫酸(硫酸) ,硝酸( HNO3的) .
8 .其他有机(碳含)化合物:农药,除草剂,各种醇,酸,及其他化学品.
9 .放射性物质:氚,氡气,排放形式的矿物燃料和核poeer植物.
10 .加热.
11 .噪音.
下表汇总的主要来源是这些污染物.
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