跪求一篇关于美国作家Nathanie Hawthorne的英文介绍 重点是他的作品和写作风格介绍!

跪求一篇关于美国作家Nathanie Hawthorne的英文介绍 重点是他的作品和写作风格介绍!

Nathaniel Hawthorne (born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4,1804 – May 19,1864) was a 19th century American novelist and short story writer.He is seen as a key figure in the development of American literature for his tales of the nation's colonial history.
Hawthorne is best-known today for his many short stories (he called them "tales") and his four major romances written between 1850 and 1860:The Scarlet Letter (1850),The House of the Seven Gables (1851),The Blithedale Romance (1852) and The Marble Faun (1860).Another novel-length romance,Fanshawe was published anonymously in 1828.
Before publishing his first collection of tales in 1837,Hawthorne wrote scores of short stories and sketches,publishing them anonymously or pseudonymously in periodicals such as The New England Magazine and The United States Magazine and Democratic Review.(The editor of the Democratic Review,John L.O'Sullivan,was a close friend of Hawthorne's.) Only after collecting a number of his short stories into the two-volume Twice-Told Tales in 1837 did Hawthorne begin to attach his name to his works.
Hawthorne's work belongs to Romanticism,an artistic and intellectual movement characterized by an emphasis on individual freedom from social conventions or political restraints,on human imagination,and on nature in a typically idealized form.Romantic literature rebelled against the formalism of 18th century reason.
His writings were in the Romantic Period.Much of Hawthorne's work is set in colonial New England,and many of his short stories have been read as moral allegories influenced by his Puritan background.Ethan Brand (1850) tells the story of a lime-burner who sets off to find the Unpardonable Sin,and in doing so,commits it.One of Hawthorne's most famous tales,The Birth-Mark (1843),concerns a young doctor who removes a birthmark from his wife's face,an operation which kills her.Hawthorne based parts of this story on the penny press novels he loved to read.Other well-known tales include Rappaccini's Daughter (1844),My Kinsman,Major Molineux (1832),The Minister's Black Veil (1836),and Young Goodman Brown (1835).The Maypole of Merrymount (1836) recounts an encounter between the Puritans and the forces of anarchy and hedonism.A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys (1852) and Tanglewood Tales (1853) were re-tellings for children of some Greek myths,from which was named the Tanglewood estate and music venue.
Hawthorne is also considered among the first to experiment with alternate history as literary form.His 1845 short story "P.'s Correspondence" (a part of "Mosses from an Old Manse") is the first known complete English language alternate history and among the most early in any language.The story's protagonist is considered "a madman" due to his perceiving an alternative 1845 in which long-dead historical and literary figures are still alive; these delusions feature the poets Burns,Byron,Shelley,and Keats,the actor Edmund Kean,the British politician George Canning and even Napoleon Bonaparte.
Recent criticism has focused on Hawthorne's narrative voice,treating it as a self-conscious rhetorical construction,not to be conflated with Hawthorne's own voice.Such an approach complicates the long-dominant tradition of regarding Hawthorne as a gloomy,guilt-ridden moralist.
Hawthorne enjoyed a brief but intense friendship with American novelist Herman Melville beginning on August 5,1850,when the two authors met at a picnic hosted by a mutual friend.Melville had just read Hawthorne's short story collection Mosses from an Old Manse,which Melville later praised in a famous review,"Hawthorne and His Mosses." Melville's letters to Hawthorne provide insight into the composition of Moby-Dick,which Melville dedicated to Hawthorne "in appreciation for his genius".Hawthorne's letters to Melville do not survive.
Edgar Allan Poe wrote important,though largely unflattering reviews of both Twice-Told Tales and Mosses from an Old Manse,mostly due to Poe's own contempt of allegory,moral tales,and his chronic accusations of plagiarism.However,even Poe admitted,"The style of Hawthorne is purity itself.His tone is singularly effective--wild,plaintive,thoughtful,and in full accordance with his themes." He concluded that,"we look upon him as one of the few men of indisputable genius to whom our country has as yet given birth."[4]