中学英语!关于if的条件句、从句、虚拟语气的所有所有 语法、例句 如果您复制的话,请复制好的谢谢!

中学英语!关于if的条件句、从句、虚拟语气的所有所有 语法、例句 如果您复制的话,请复制好的谢谢!

第一章、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法
1.非真实条件句中谓语动词的形式
条件从句 结果从句
与现在事实相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) I(we) should.You would.He would .They would+动词原形
与过去事实相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+had+过去分词 I(we) should.You would.He would .They would +have+动词原形
与将来事实可能相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式(be的过去式用were)/were to/should I(we) should.You would.He would .They would +动词原形
但要注意：美国英语的结果主句,不管什么人称,皆常用would.
2.与现在事实相反的非真实条件句
虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反条件句中时,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 （be的过去式用were）,结果主句的谓语用should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)＋动词原形.如：
I am sorry I am very busy now.If I had time,I would certainly come to see you.
很抱歉,我很忙.如果有时间,我一定去看你了.
If it weren’t for their support,we would be in a difficult situation.
要不是有他们的支持,我们的处境会很困难.
if places were alike,there would be little need for geographers.
如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了.
If I were you,I would apply for the job.
如果我是你,我会申请那份工作的.
What would you do if you knew who broke the glass.
要是你知道谁打破了玻璃,你会怎么办?
Even if I had the money,I wouldn’t buy it.
即使我有钱也不会买它.
3.与过去事实相反的非真实条件句
虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的条件句中时,条件从句的谓语用had＋ 过去分词,结果主句的谓语用should(第一人称) 或would（第二、三人称） ＋ have＋ 过去分词.如：
If I had taken your advice,I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.
如果当时听了你的话,我就不会犯这样的错误了.
If it had not been for your help,I wouldn’t have finished the work so easily.
要不是你的帮助,我的工作不会这么容易完成.
If we had known the basic principles,we should have controlled the process even better.
如果我们知道这些基本原理,我们早就能更好地控制这个工序了.
If facts had been collected one week earlier,we should have had more time to study them.
假使早一个星期收集事实,我们就有更多的时间研究它们了.
The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparation.
如果我们不做充分的准备,会议是不会开得这么成功的.
4.与将来事实相反的非真实条件句
（1）虚拟语气用在与将来事实相反的条件句中时,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式（be的过去式用were）,were to或should,结果主句用should(第一人称)或 would（第二、三人称）＋ 动词原形.如：
If it rained( were to rain/ should rain) tomorrow,I should stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我会呆在家里.
If the teacher knew it,he would be angry.
万一老师知道了这事,他会生气的.
I wouldn’t lose courage even if I should fail again.
即使再次失败我也不会气馁.
If I made a mistake,I should try to remedy it.
假如我犯了错误,我就会设法补救.
If something should go wrong,the control rods would drop.
万一发生什么事故,控制杆就会下落.
(2) 在与将来事实相反的条件句中,其条件从句的谓语也可用were to ＋ 动词原形.这种虚拟式比较正式,多用于书面语中,其假想性很强,实现性很小.如：
If I were to do it,I would do it another way.
要是我来做这件事,我会用另一种方法.
If he were to come tomorrow,I would speak to him about it.
假如明天他来,我会跟他谈这个问题.
非真实条件句若省去结果主句,则常表示一种不可能实现的愿望.这种条件句常用if only来引导.如：
If I could see him once我只要再见到他一次就好了.
If only he were here.
如果他在这儿就好了.
If only I hadn’t done that.
我要是没做那事就好了
If only I had more time to think about it.
我要是有更多的时间考虑这个问题就好了.
If only you would take my advice.
你如果听我的意见就好了.
If only she didn’t drive so fast!
她要是别开那么快就好了.