神马作文网定语从句学不好啊!求大神讲解啊!
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：神马作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/16 04:58:55
定语从句学不好啊!求大神讲解啊!
我们初中的时候学过形容词、名词等作定语来修饰某一名词或代词.那么句子可以作定语吗?可以!如果一个句子充当了定语,那么我们称之为定语从句.
先来看这样两个句子：
1) The man is my English teacher.
2) I met him in the street.
如果想把这两个句子合并成一个句子,我们可将句2) 转换成定语从句来修饰the man,即：
The manthat / who / whom I met in the street is my English teacher.
这个句子中的that / who / whom I met inthe street 就充当了the man的定语,它就是定语从句；而被修饰的the man叫做先行词.另外,你发现了吗?句2)中的him换成了关系代词that / who / whom,并放在了定语从句的最前面,我们把that,who,whom等词叫做引导词.
例句呈现
1.Is he the man that / who sells the dog?
2.Do you know the boy whom / who / that I talked withjust now?
3.She was not on the train that / which arrived justnow.
4.What do you think of the photos that / which I tookin the park?
5.The book whose cover is green was lost yesterday.
6.The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.
7.It was the largest map that I ever saw.
8.I have read all the books that you lent me.
9.Is there anything else that I can do for you?
10.They talked about the people and things that theyremembered in the old days.
11.Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?
小结归纳
关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose都可以引导定语从句,使用它们时我们应该考虑两点：
1.先行词是“人”还是“物”；
2.关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分.
首先,当先行词是“人”时：
1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,用that / who,如：句1；
2) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,用whom / that / who,如：句 2.
其次,先行词如果是“物”时：可用关系代词that / which来充当主语或者宾语,如：句3、4.
综上所述,that既可以指“人”又可以指“物”,而which只能指“物”,who / whom只能指“人”；who / that / which 都可以作主语或宾语,而whom只能作宾语；此外,whose 在定语从句中放在某一个名词或代词前作定语,如：句5.特别需要指出的是：当关系代词作宾语时常常省略,而作主语时则不能省略,如：句2、4、6、7、8、9、10中的关系代词可以省略；而句1、3、11中的关系代词不可以省略.
另外,还有一些情况一般只用that引导定语从句：
(1) 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时,如：句6、7；
(2) 当先行词被all,some,any,no,little,much等修饰时,如：句8；
(3) 当先行词是everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时,如：句9；
(4) 当先行词既有人又有物时,如：句10；
(5) 当主句以疑问词who或which开头时,如：句11.
即学即用
请完成下列句子.
1.Do you like the present _______ I bought youyesterday?
2.The storybook _______ was written by his uncle isquite interesting.
3.The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needsyour help.
4.This is the best movie _______ we have seen thisyear.
5.The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.
6.The passengers and the suitcases _______ were inthe waiting room had to wait for another plane.
7.Who is the girl _______ you want to make friendswith?
8.This is the last lesson _______ Mr.Smith taughtus.
Key:
1.that / which / 不填 2.that / which 3.whose
4.that / 不填 5.whom / who /that / 不填
6.that 7.that / 不填 8.that / 不填
先来看这样两个句子：
1) The man is my English teacher.
2) I met him in the street.
如果想把这两个句子合并成一个句子,我们可将句2) 转换成定语从句来修饰the man,即：
The manthat / who / whom I met in the street is my English teacher.
这个句子中的that / who / whom I met inthe street 就充当了the man的定语,它就是定语从句；而被修饰的the man叫做先行词.另外,你发现了吗?句2)中的him换成了关系代词that / who / whom,并放在了定语从句的最前面,我们把that,who,whom等词叫做引导词.
例句呈现
1.Is he the man that / who sells the dog?
2.Do you know the boy whom / who / that I talked withjust now?
3.She was not on the train that / which arrived justnow.
4.What do you think of the photos that / which I tookin the park?
5.The book whose cover is green was lost yesterday.
6.The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.
7.It was the largest map that I ever saw.
8.I have read all the books that you lent me.
9.Is there anything else that I can do for you?
10.They talked about the people and things that theyremembered in the old days.
11.Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?
小结归纳
关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose都可以引导定语从句,使用它们时我们应该考虑两点：
1.先行词是“人”还是“物”；
2.关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分.
首先,当先行词是“人”时：
1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,用that / who,如：句1；
2) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,用whom / that / who,如：句 2.
其次,先行词如果是“物”时：可用关系代词that / which来充当主语或者宾语,如：句3、4.
综上所述,that既可以指“人”又可以指“物”,而which只能指“物”,who / whom只能指“人”；who / that / which 都可以作主语或宾语,而whom只能作宾语；此外,whose 在定语从句中放在某一个名词或代词前作定语,如：句5.特别需要指出的是：当关系代词作宾语时常常省略,而作主语时则不能省略,如：句2、4、6、7、8、9、10中的关系代词可以省略；而句1、3、11中的关系代词不可以省略.
另外,还有一些情况一般只用that引导定语从句：
(1) 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时,如：句6、7；
(2) 当先行词被all,some,any,no,little,much等修饰时,如：句8；
(3) 当先行词是everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时,如：句9；
(4) 当先行词既有人又有物时,如：句10；
(5) 当主句以疑问词who或which开头时,如：句11.
即学即用
请完成下列句子.
1.Do you like the present _______ I bought youyesterday?
2.The storybook _______ was written by his uncle isquite interesting.
3.The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needsyour help.
4.This is the best movie _______ we have seen thisyear.
5.The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.
6.The passengers and the suitcases _______ were inthe waiting room had to wait for another plane.
7.Who is the girl _______ you want to make friendswith?
8.This is the last lesson _______ Mr.Smith taughtus.
Key:
1.that / which / 不填 2.that / which 3.whose
4.that / 不填 5.whom / who /that / 不填
6.that 7.that / 不填 8.that / 不填