英语翻译Since the People’s Republic of China’s accession to the
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英语翻译
Since the People’s Republic of China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001,there has been a notable increase in tensions concerning trade relations between China and the United States.China’s enormous economy presents a predicament for many members of the WTO but it especially gives rise to feelings of unease for China’s largest trade market:the US.China is one of the world’s largest low-cost producers of goods in labor-intensive sectors such as textiles,food (agriculture),chemicals and electronics.The problem is that,when a country like China,floods a foreign market (like the US) with low-price goods,this may present an unfair advantage for the exporter.Such ‘dumping’ of goods is essentially,therefore,exporting at a price either below the cost of production,below the home-market price or sometimes,as will be shown in China’s case,below a third country price.1 The result can bring about less-than-fair-value goods and these have the potential to threaten or injure a domestic industry.
Due to the large volume of its exports,it is of little surprise that China has been the primary target of anti-dumping measures.The sheer number of anti-dumping cases against China has made it apparent that China is perceived as a threat to many other WTO members:over the past two decades or so,more than 30 countries have opened about 600 anti-dumping cases in the WTO against 4000 different types of Chinese products.2 Over this same two-decade period,the US had made 110 petitions and 68 orders against Chinese goods topping the list among the US’s trading partners for such measures.3 Currently,25 percent of all WTO anti-dumping investigations are directed at China.Although the WTO has reported an overall decrease in anti-dumping investigations and measures,China remains the most frequent subject of new investigations.4 But what are the underlying reasons for all of these actions taken against China?
Since the People’s Republic of China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001,there has been a notable increase in tensions concerning trade relations between China and the United States.China’s enormous economy presents a predicament for many members of the WTO but it especially gives rise to feelings of unease for China’s largest trade market:the US.China is one of the world’s largest low-cost producers of goods in labor-intensive sectors such as textiles,food (agriculture),chemicals and electronics.The problem is that,when a country like China,floods a foreign market (like the US) with low-price goods,this may present an unfair advantage for the exporter.Such ‘dumping’ of goods is essentially,therefore,exporting at a price either below the cost of production,below the home-market price or sometimes,as will be shown in China’s case,below a third country price.1 The result can bring about less-than-fair-value goods and these have the potential to threaten or injure a domestic industry.
Due to the large volume of its exports,it is of little surprise that China has been the primary target of anti-dumping measures.The sheer number of anti-dumping cases against China has made it apparent that China is perceived as a threat to many other WTO members:over the past two decades or so,more than 30 countries have opened about 600 anti-dumping cases in the WTO against 4000 different types of Chinese products.2 Over this same two-decade period,the US had made 110 petitions and 68 orders against Chinese goods topping the list among the US’s trading partners for such measures.3 Currently,25 percent of all WTO anti-dumping investigations are directed at China.Although the WTO has reported an overall decrease in anti-dumping investigations and measures,China remains the most frequent subject of new investigations.4 But what are the underlying reasons for all of these actions taken against China?
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自从中国在2001年加入了世贸组织,中美之间的贸易摩擦就不断升级.中国这个巨大的经济实体使很多世贸组织的成员国都遭受到了困境,不过最为对中国感到不安的是世界上最大的贸易市场:美国.中国是世界上最大的低成本产品生产国,并且从事着很多劳动密集型产业,如:纺织业、食品业(农业)、化工业及电子产业.不过问题是:当像中国这样(大)一个国家,有大批外资流入其低成本制造业时,(中国)就会对其他出口者产生不公平的竞争优势.这些类似于
“倾销”的销售是必要的.但是,用比成本价还要低的价格、把商品用比国内价格还要低的价格卖给国外这类事情,正发生在中国,他们的价格要低于一般的发展中国家.这一做法最终促生了低于价值的价格,并且很可能对国内工业产生威胁.
由于拥有巨大的出口,很容易想象中国成为了很多反倾销措施的首要目标.数量巨大的针对中国的反倾销案件使其他国家确信:中国是世贸组织的一个威胁.原因是在最近的二十年中,超过三十个国家对中国进行了300余次的反倾销起诉,其中针对着中国的4000多种产品.
2在同时期的二十年之间,美国通过此手段,对中国商品递交了进行了110项诉状及68项调查,这些商品的交易量都位列前茅.
3.现在,世贸组织百分之二十五的反倾销案都是针对于中国.虽然世贸组织曾经宣称要减少贸易保护措施,但中国依旧是各国贸易保护行为下的最直接受害者.
4但是其他国家如此对方中国的背后动机又是什么呢?
自从中国在2001年加入了世贸组织,中美之间的贸易摩擦就不断升级.中国这个巨大的经济实体使很多世贸组织的成员国都遭受到了困境,不过最为对中国感到不安的是世界上最大的贸易市场:美国.中国是世界上最大的低成本产品生产国,并且从事着很多劳动密集型产业,如:纺织业、食品业(农业)、化工业及电子产业.不过问题是:当像中国这样(大)一个国家,有大批外资流入其低成本制造业时,(中国)就会对其他出口者产生不公平的竞争优势.这些类似于
“倾销”的销售是必要的.但是,用比成本价还要低的价格、把商品用比国内价格还要低的价格卖给国外这类事情,正发生在中国,他们的价格要低于一般的发展中国家.这一做法最终促生了低于价值的价格,并且很可能对国内工业产生威胁.
由于拥有巨大的出口,很容易想象中国成为了很多反倾销措施的首要目标.数量巨大的针对中国的反倾销案件使其他国家确信:中国是世贸组织的一个威胁.原因是在最近的二十年中,超过三十个国家对中国进行了300余次的反倾销起诉,其中针对着中国的4000多种产品.
2在同时期的二十年之间,美国通过此手段,对中国商品递交了进行了110项诉状及68项调查,这些商品的交易量都位列前茅.
3.现在,世贸组织百分之二十五的反倾销案都是针对于中国.虽然世贸组织曾经宣称要减少贸易保护措施,但中国依旧是各国贸易保护行为下的最直接受害者.
4但是其他国家如此对方中国的背后动机又是什么呢?
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