英语翻译Although developed as a tool in the social sciences,R-mo

英语翻译
Although developed as a tool in the social sciences,R-mode factor analysis,a multivariate statistical tool,has proven highly effective in studies of groundwater quality.The technique examines the relationships between variables (such as chemical parameters in groundwater),which are shown by a number of cases (such as sampling points).In this study,two examples are presented.The first is of groundwater around a southern African iron ore mine and the second is of groundwater in the vicinity of a southern African municipal sewage disposal works.Groundwater samples were collected,their chemistry analysed and factor analysis was performed on each of the chemical datasets.In the first case study,factor analysis successfully separated signatures due to uncontaminated groundwater (calcium,magnesium and bicarbonate),agricultural activities (potassium and ammonium) and mining activities (sodium,chloride and sulphate).In the second case study,factor analysis did identify a chemical signature (nitrate and phosphate; minor iron) related to the sewage works—but since this signature involved parameters that were within regulated limits,the finding was of limited value for management purposes.Thus although R-mode factor analysis can be a valuable tool studies of groundwater quality,this is not always the case.Multivariate statistical techniques like factor analysis should thus be used as supplementary to,but not in replacement of,conventional groundwater quality data treatment methods.

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尽管是作为一种社会科学方法被开发,R型因子分析,一种多元统计方法,已被证明在地下水水质研究中具有很好的效果.这项技术是通过展现出来的一定数量的事件（如采样点）之间的变量间关系（如化学参数的地下水）来进行研究的.
在这项研究中,两个例子能有效地做出证明.
第一个例子是环南非铁矿的地下水,第二个例子是南非市政污水处理工程附近的地下水.地下水样本被进行了采集,它们的化学成分也得到了对应分析.在对第一个例子的研究中,因子分析成功的通过成分分析将未受污染的地下水（主要含钙,镁,重碳酸盐） ,农业活动用水（主要含钾和铵）和采矿活动用水（主要含钠,氯离子和硫酸）分离.在第二个例子的研究中,因子分析辨别了一份标记为采自污水处理厂的化学试剂（主要成分为硝酸盐和磷酸盐;轻微铁）,但由于标记所在的参数范围信息受到常规限制,这项发现因管理的目的而只具有有限的价值.
因此,尽管R型因子分析能成为一种有价值的研究地下水水质的方法,但也并不是每次都适用.
因此多元因子统计分析技术应当被作为一种补充方法,而不能代替常规地下水水质数据处理方法.