神马作文网谁帮我写一篇关于俄罗斯经济状况的英语文章
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谁帮我写一篇关于俄罗斯经济状况的英语文章
Russia is the strongest economic strength, the former Soviet Union countries. Part of the former Soviet Union placed the backbone of the economy in Russia, the industrial sector is complete, a complete system, but also the relatively advanced technology and equipment.
Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation as the national economic development and the All-Union has experienced a rapid growth in the previous 60 years ,70-80's decline to the late 80s early 90s the continuing decline back to the evolution of the crisis. After the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, Russia and the United States and other Western countries accept all the recommended prescription for economic reform and adopt "shock therapy" to implement large-scale privatization and full liberalization as the core of the radical economic reform in fiscal, monetary, privatization and other areas of a series of policy blunders occur, leading to prolonged economic downturn. 1998 Russian financial crisis, and all macroeconomic indicators deteriorated further. In 1999 by the ruble devaluation and the rise in international oil prices as well as the Primakov Government to drastically adjust their economic policies, the strengthening of national macroeconomic regulation and control internal and external factors such as the combined effects of the momentum of the Russian economy has shown improvement in key economic indicators have basically returned to the financial crisis ago. In 2000, Putin continues to implement the socio-economic stabilization policies, refused to engage in "shock therapy" and the radical free-market economic reforms, efforts to improve the domestic investment environment to attract foreign investment. To intensify the implementation of tax reform, simplify taxes, reduce taxes, promoting domestic industrial recovery and development. Foreign use of the international oil prices rose as the favorable situation to conduct "energy diplomacy" to expand foreign markets, Russia to further consolidate the momentum of economic recovery, macro-economic indicators rose sharply. Russian economy in 2001 continued the momentum of last year's strong rebound and continue to advance triumphantly. It is estimated that annual GDP growth rate is expected to reach 5.5% (the 2001 global economic growth is expected to more than 5% of countries, only China, India and Russia, three countries), ranking third in the world. Political stability, agricultural production, oil prices, domestic market expanded. These signs indicate that the most difficult stage of the Russian economy is over, started to enter a virtuous cycle. Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of World Economy and International Relations forecast in 2002 Russia will maintain a growth rate of 4.5%.
The Russian Federation has enormous economic potential. Agriculture and industry and better foundation. Industrial and agricultural output value accounting for about 70% of the former Soviet Union. Russia's agricultural production and a continuous decline in recent years, but in the national economy still occupy an important position.
Russian Federation industry complete machinery, iron and steel, nonferrous metals, petroleum, natural gas, coal, forest and chemical-based heavy industry. Military industry is a pillar industry of the Russian machine-building industry. With a wealth of raw materials, coupled with years of industrial policy tilt, Russia's heavy industry is well developed. On the contrary, the development of light industry is far from satisfying the needs of the Russian people. Russian service sector more developed, the proportion in the national economy increases every year, in the economic restructuring, the service industry is expected to continue to develop.
Russia's foreign trade, the main target countries are former Soviet republics and Eastern European countries. Trade with Western countries in a faster rise. In recent years economic and trade with China is also developing, in particular the rapid development of border trade
以下是中文的翻译
俄罗斯是前苏联地区经济实力最强的国家.前苏联经济的基干部分置于俄罗斯境内,工业部门齐全,成为完整的体系,而且技术设备相对先进.
在苏联解体之前,俄罗斯联邦的国民经济发展与全苏一样,经历了一个由60年代以前的高速增长、70-80年代滑坡到80年代末90年代初倒退的不断衰退到危机的演化过程.前苏联解体后,俄全盘接受美等西方国家推荐的经改药方,采取“休克疗法”,推行以大规模私有化和全面自由化为核心的激进经济改革,在财政、货币、私有化等领域出现一系列政策失误,导致经济连年下滑.1998年俄爆发金融危机,各项宏观经济指标再趋恶化.1999年受卢布贬值和国际市场油价上扬以及普里马科夫政府大幅调整经济政策,加强国家宏观调控等内外多种因素的综合影响,俄经济呈现好转势头,主要经济指标基本恢复到金融危机前的水平.2000年,普京继续推行社会经济稳定政策,拒绝搞“休克疗法”和激进的自由市场经济改革,致力改善国内投资环境以吸引外资.加紧推行税制改革,简化税种,减轻税负,促进国内工业复苏和发展.对外利用国际油价一度上涨的有利形势,大搞“能源外交”,拓展国外市场,俄经济好转势头进一步得到巩固,宏观经济指标大幅上扬.2001年俄罗斯经济延续了去年的强劲反弹势头,继续高歌猛进.据测算,全年的GDP增长率可望达到5.5%（2001年全球经济增长率有望超过5％的国家只有中国、印度和俄罗斯三个国家）,居世界第三位.政局稳定,农业生产,石油价格的上涨,内需市场不断扩大.这些迹象表明,俄经济最困难的阶段已经过去,开始步入良性循环的轨道.俄科学院世界经济和国际关系研究所预测2002年俄罗斯仍将保持4.5%的增长水平.
俄罗斯联邦拥有巨大的经济潜力.工农业基础较好.工农业总产值约占原苏联的70%.俄罗斯农业生产近几年来连续下降,但在国民经济中仍占据重要地位,.
俄罗斯联邦工业部门齐全,以机械、钢铁、有色金属、石油、天然气、煤炭、森林及化工等重工业为主.军事工业是俄罗斯机械工业的支柱产业.由于拥有丰富的原料,再加上多年的产业政策倾斜,俄罗斯的重工业非常发达.相反,轻工业的发展却远远不能满足俄罗斯人民的需要.俄服务业较发达,在国民经济中的比重逐年增加,在经济转型期间,服务业有望继续发展.
俄罗斯对外贸易的主要对象国是原苏联各加盟共和国和东欧各国.与西方国家的贸易处于较快的上升趋势.近些年同中国经济贸易亦有发展,特别边境贸易发展较快
Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation as the national economic development and the All-Union has experienced a rapid growth in the previous 60 years ,70-80's decline to the late 80s early 90s the continuing decline back to the evolution of the crisis. After the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, Russia and the United States and other Western countries accept all the recommended prescription for economic reform and adopt "shock therapy" to implement large-scale privatization and full liberalization as the core of the radical economic reform in fiscal, monetary, privatization and other areas of a series of policy blunders occur, leading to prolonged economic downturn. 1998 Russian financial crisis, and all macroeconomic indicators deteriorated further. In 1999 by the ruble devaluation and the rise in international oil prices as well as the Primakov Government to drastically adjust their economic policies, the strengthening of national macroeconomic regulation and control internal and external factors such as the combined effects of the momentum of the Russian economy has shown improvement in key economic indicators have basically returned to the financial crisis ago. In 2000, Putin continues to implement the socio-economic stabilization policies, refused to engage in "shock therapy" and the radical free-market economic reforms, efforts to improve the domestic investment environment to attract foreign investment. To intensify the implementation of tax reform, simplify taxes, reduce taxes, promoting domestic industrial recovery and development. Foreign use of the international oil prices rose as the favorable situation to conduct "energy diplomacy" to expand foreign markets, Russia to further consolidate the momentum of economic recovery, macro-economic indicators rose sharply. Russian economy in 2001 continued the momentum of last year's strong rebound and continue to advance triumphantly. It is estimated that annual GDP growth rate is expected to reach 5.5% (the 2001 global economic growth is expected to more than 5% of countries, only China, India and Russia, three countries), ranking third in the world. Political stability, agricultural production, oil prices, domestic market expanded. These signs indicate that the most difficult stage of the Russian economy is over, started to enter a virtuous cycle. Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of World Economy and International Relations forecast in 2002 Russia will maintain a growth rate of 4.5%.
The Russian Federation has enormous economic potential. Agriculture and industry and better foundation. Industrial and agricultural output value accounting for about 70% of the former Soviet Union. Russia's agricultural production and a continuous decline in recent years, but in the national economy still occupy an important position.
Russian Federation industry complete machinery, iron and steel, nonferrous metals, petroleum, natural gas, coal, forest and chemical-based heavy industry. Military industry is a pillar industry of the Russian machine-building industry. With a wealth of raw materials, coupled with years of industrial policy tilt, Russia's heavy industry is well developed. On the contrary, the development of light industry is far from satisfying the needs of the Russian people. Russian service sector more developed, the proportion in the national economy increases every year, in the economic restructuring, the service industry is expected to continue to develop.
Russia's foreign trade, the main target countries are former Soviet republics and Eastern European countries. Trade with Western countries in a faster rise. In recent years economic and trade with China is also developing, in particular the rapid development of border trade
以下是中文的翻译
俄罗斯是前苏联地区经济实力最强的国家.前苏联经济的基干部分置于俄罗斯境内,工业部门齐全,成为完整的体系,而且技术设备相对先进.
在苏联解体之前,俄罗斯联邦的国民经济发展与全苏一样,经历了一个由60年代以前的高速增长、70-80年代滑坡到80年代末90年代初倒退的不断衰退到危机的演化过程.前苏联解体后,俄全盘接受美等西方国家推荐的经改药方,采取“休克疗法”,推行以大规模私有化和全面自由化为核心的激进经济改革,在财政、货币、私有化等领域出现一系列政策失误,导致经济连年下滑.1998年俄爆发金融危机,各项宏观经济指标再趋恶化.1999年受卢布贬值和国际市场油价上扬以及普里马科夫政府大幅调整经济政策,加强国家宏观调控等内外多种因素的综合影响,俄经济呈现好转势头,主要经济指标基本恢复到金融危机前的水平.2000年,普京继续推行社会经济稳定政策,拒绝搞“休克疗法”和激进的自由市场经济改革,致力改善国内投资环境以吸引外资.加紧推行税制改革,简化税种,减轻税负,促进国内工业复苏和发展.对外利用国际油价一度上涨的有利形势,大搞“能源外交”,拓展国外市场,俄经济好转势头进一步得到巩固,宏观经济指标大幅上扬.2001年俄罗斯经济延续了去年的强劲反弹势头,继续高歌猛进.据测算,全年的GDP增长率可望达到5.5%（2001年全球经济增长率有望超过5％的国家只有中国、印度和俄罗斯三个国家）,居世界第三位.政局稳定,农业生产,石油价格的上涨,内需市场不断扩大.这些迹象表明,俄经济最困难的阶段已经过去,开始步入良性循环的轨道.俄科学院世界经济和国际关系研究所预测2002年俄罗斯仍将保持4.5%的增长水平.
俄罗斯联邦拥有巨大的经济潜力.工农业基础较好.工农业总产值约占原苏联的70%.俄罗斯农业生产近几年来连续下降,但在国民经济中仍占据重要地位,.
俄罗斯联邦工业部门齐全,以机械、钢铁、有色金属、石油、天然气、煤炭、森林及化工等重工业为主.军事工业是俄罗斯机械工业的支柱产业.由于拥有丰富的原料,再加上多年的产业政策倾斜,俄罗斯的重工业非常发达.相反,轻工业的发展却远远不能满足俄罗斯人民的需要.俄服务业较发达,在国民经济中的比重逐年增加,在经济转型期间,服务业有望继续发展.
俄罗斯对外贸易的主要对象国是原苏联各加盟共和国和东欧各国.与西方国家的贸易处于较快的上升趋势.近些年同中国经济贸易亦有发展,特别边境贸易发展较快