高中英语中的强调句型?虚拟语气?倒装句?状语从句?主谓一致?主语从句?

高中英语中的强调句型?虚拟语气?倒装句?状语从句?主谓一致?主语从句?

强调句型
[一] it 强调句基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
(强调是我,不是别人)
It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.
( 强调我遇见的是他,不是别人)
It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.
( 强调是在大街上,不是在别的地方,强调的是地点,但不用where)
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street .
(强调是昨天下午,不是在别的时候,强调的是时间,但不用when)
强调句的一般疑问句：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
Was it him that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
强调句的特殊疑问句：
What/ When/ Where/ Who/ How……is/ was it + who/ that+原句剩余部分
1). Who was it that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
[下面我们以两个句子为例来演示强调句的构成.]
2）Ann Peters' husband rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.
主语 宾语 状语
昨晚,安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院.
强调主语
It was Ann Peters' husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.
昨晚,正是安妮.彼德的丈夫,立即送她去了附近医院.
强调宾语
It was her (she) that (who) Ann Peters' husband rushed to a nearby hospital last
night. 昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送的是她,去附近医院.
强调状语
It was to a nearby hospital that Ann Peters' husband rushed her last night.
昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去的就是一家附近的医院.
强调状语
It was last night that Ann Peters' husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.
就是在昨晚,安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院.
[二].do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词,加强语气
1). He is a good student.--> He does be a good student
2). He helped us yesterday.  He did help us yesterday.
3). Be careful!  Do be careful!
[三]. not/ never ……. until 直到…..才
1). The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. (强调句)
倒装句
倒装句:分为全部倒装和部分倒装,
一.倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.只用于一般现在时和一般过去时.常见的结构： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词.例如：
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了. Here is your letter. 你的信.
2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词.例如：
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹.
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪.
[上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装.]
Here he comes. 他来了. Away they went. 他们走开了.
二．倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如情态动词,助动词或系动词倒装至主语之前.
[如果句子的谓语没有情态动词或没有直接出现助动词,可根据谓语时态添加相应助动词,将其置于主语之前.]
1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等.例如：
Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这问题的答案.
当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.母亲直到孩子入睡才离开房间.
2 ..以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等,要倒装.
例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
他没有收下礼物,还狠狠批评了送礼的人.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门,就有个学生来访.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门,就有个学生来访.
[只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构.置于句首的Not only… but also连接两个并列词语,不用倒装结构,如Not only you but also I am fond of music.]
3 .so, neither, nor作部分倒装,来说明前面一句话中表示的情况,也适用于另外一些人或物时,用这些词表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装.
Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语,杰克也会.
You won\'t go, neither will I.你不去,我也不去.
4. 当only所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句位于句首时,
Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样,你才能学好英语.
如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次,他才来参加会议.
5. as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将从句表语,状语或动词提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）.注意：1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词.
2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前.例如：
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
他工作很努力,但总不能让人满意.
6. 其他部分倒装 .1） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装.例如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很,动也不敢动.
2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中. May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐.
3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装.
Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话,就再试一次.