形容词加"to do"有哪几种用法?
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形容词加"to do"有哪几种用法?
1 it+be+形容词(+of+宾语)+动词不定式结构主要与下列各类形容词连用:
(a)表示性格的有:brave(勇敢的),careless(粗心的),cow-ardly(怯懦的),cruel(残酷的),generous(大方的),good(好的),nice(=kind善良的),mean(吝啬的,卑鄙的),rude(粗鲁的),selfish(自私的),wicked(邪恶的),wrong(不对的)等.与否定动词或疑问动词连用的有:fair*(公正的)/just* (正义的)/right*(对的).
(b)表示智能的有:clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),idiotic*(呆痴的),intelligent(有才智的),sensible(有见识的),silly(傻的),stupid(愚蠢的).
此外,absurd*(荒谬的),ludicrous*(荒唐的),ridiculous* (滑稽的)和unreasonable*(不合理的)有时也可这样使用.
It was kind of you to help him.
你帮助了他,真好心.
It was stupid(of them) to leave their bicycles outside.
(他们)真傻,居然把自行车放在外面了.
(b)组形容词后的of+宾语结构可省略.有时该结构在(a)组形容词后也可省去,但good和nice除外.(后二者如果省略of+宾语则会改变good和nice的意义.参见E.)
2代词+be+形容词+名词+动词不定式既可以与上面的形容词连用,又可以与下列形容词连用:astonishing*(令人惊讶的),curious*(奇怪的),extraordinary*(不寻常的),funny* (=strange*稀奇的),odd*(怪的),queer*(怪的),surpris-ing*(令人惊讶的)等.此外还有pointless(无意义的),useful(有用的)和useless(无用的)也可以这样使用.
It was a sensible precaution to take.
这样预防一下是明智的.
That was a wicked thing to say.
说那种话太恶劣了.
这种评价式的话有时可用惊叹句来表达:
What a funny way to park a car!
这样停车好怪!
What an odd time to choose!
选的时间多怪!
有时在一些表示不赞成的句子中,形容词可以省略:
What a(silly) way to bring up a child!
怎么用这种(愚蠢的)方法带孩子!
What a time to choose!
怎么选了这么个时间!
that从句的例句如:
It is strange/odd/surprising that he hasn’t answered.
真是奇怪/古怪/令人惊讶,他怎么没回音.
it+be+形容词+动词不定式结构中可以用下列词:advisable*(合意的),inadvisable*(不可取的),better*(较好的),best(最好的),desirable*(可取的),essential*(必要的),good(好的,可取的),important*(重要的),necessary*(必要的),un-necessary*(不必要的),vital*(非常重要的).也可以用only+fair*(公平的)/just*(合理的)/right*(对的).
例句如:
—Wouldn’t it be better to wait?
—No,It’s essential to book in advance.
—等一等不更好吗?
—不行,必须预先订票.
可在除good以外的形容词后或在just后加for+宾语,但在good后会改变其意思,见下文E:
It won’t be necessary for him to report to the police.
他没必要去报告警察.
It is only fair for him to have a chance.
给他一次机会才是公平合理的.
inessential(非必要的)和unimportant(不重要的)通常不这么用,但可以说not essential.
it+be+形容词(+for+宾语)+动词不定式结构中可以用下列形容词:convenient*(便利的),dangerous(危险的),diffi-cult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard*(艰难的),possible*(可能的),impossible(做不到的),safe(安全的),unsafe(不安全的).
Would it be convenient(for you) to see Mr X now?
(您)现在见X先生方便吗?
It was dangerous(for women) to go out alone after dark.
(妇女们)天黑以后单独出门是危险的.
We found it almost impossible to buy petrol.
我们发现几乎买不到汽油.(参见上面A.)
上述形容词除possible之外,均可用于名词+be+形容词+动词不定式结构中:
This cake is easy to make.
这蛋糕很容易做.
The instructions were hard to follow.
这指示很难遵从.
This car isn’t safe to drive.
这辆车开起来不安全.
(a)表示性格的有:brave(勇敢的),careless(粗心的),cow-ardly(怯懦的),cruel(残酷的),generous(大方的),good(好的),nice(=kind善良的),mean(吝啬的,卑鄙的),rude(粗鲁的),selfish(自私的),wicked(邪恶的),wrong(不对的)等.与否定动词或疑问动词连用的有:fair*(公正的)/just* (正义的)/right*(对的).
(b)表示智能的有:clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),idiotic*(呆痴的),intelligent(有才智的),sensible(有见识的),silly(傻的),stupid(愚蠢的).
此外,absurd*(荒谬的),ludicrous*(荒唐的),ridiculous* (滑稽的)和unreasonable*(不合理的)有时也可这样使用.
It was kind of you to help him.
你帮助了他,真好心.
It was stupid(of them) to leave their bicycles outside.
(他们)真傻,居然把自行车放在外面了.
(b)组形容词后的of+宾语结构可省略.有时该结构在(a)组形容词后也可省去,但good和nice除外.(后二者如果省略of+宾语则会改变good和nice的意义.参见E.)
2代词+be+形容词+名词+动词不定式既可以与上面的形容词连用,又可以与下列形容词连用:astonishing*(令人惊讶的),curious*(奇怪的),extraordinary*(不寻常的),funny* (=strange*稀奇的),odd*(怪的),queer*(怪的),surpris-ing*(令人惊讶的)等.此外还有pointless(无意义的),useful(有用的)和useless(无用的)也可以这样使用.
It was a sensible precaution to take.
这样预防一下是明智的.
That was a wicked thing to say.
说那种话太恶劣了.
这种评价式的话有时可用惊叹句来表达:
What a funny way to park a car!
这样停车好怪!
What an odd time to choose!
选的时间多怪!
有时在一些表示不赞成的句子中,形容词可以省略:
What a(silly) way to bring up a child!
怎么用这种(愚蠢的)方法带孩子!
What a time to choose!
怎么选了这么个时间!
that从句的例句如:
It is strange/odd/surprising that he hasn’t answered.
真是奇怪/古怪/令人惊讶,他怎么没回音.
it+be+形容词+动词不定式结构中可以用下列词:advisable*(合意的),inadvisable*(不可取的),better*(较好的),best(最好的),desirable*(可取的),essential*(必要的),good(好的,可取的),important*(重要的),necessary*(必要的),un-necessary*(不必要的),vital*(非常重要的).也可以用only+fair*(公平的)/just*(合理的)/right*(对的).
例句如:
—Wouldn’t it be better to wait?
—No,It’s essential to book in advance.
—等一等不更好吗?
—不行,必须预先订票.
可在除good以外的形容词后或在just后加for+宾语,但在good后会改变其意思,见下文E:
It won’t be necessary for him to report to the police.
他没必要去报告警察.
It is only fair for him to have a chance.
给他一次机会才是公平合理的.
inessential(非必要的)和unimportant(不重要的)通常不这么用,但可以说not essential.
it+be+形容词(+for+宾语)+动词不定式结构中可以用下列形容词:convenient*(便利的),dangerous(危险的),diffi-cult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard*(艰难的),possible*(可能的),impossible(做不到的),safe(安全的),unsafe(不安全的).
Would it be convenient(for you) to see Mr X now?
(您)现在见X先生方便吗?
It was dangerous(for women) to go out alone after dark.
(妇女们)天黑以后单独出门是危险的.
We found it almost impossible to buy petrol.
我们发现几乎买不到汽油.(参见上面A.)
上述形容词除possible之外,均可用于名词+be+形容词+动词不定式结构中:
This cake is easy to make.
这蛋糕很容易做.
The instructions were hard to follow.
这指示很难遵从.
This car isn’t safe to drive.
这辆车开起来不安全.