神马作文网英语(分词作状语)
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：神马作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/23 22:15:40
英语 前 后 主语一制是用ing不一制用ed 举 例说明急
解题思路： 选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。
解题过程：
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。
现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。
1.现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。
He went out shutting the door behind him.
他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2.过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
If polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
“水”与“污染”之间是被动关系，完整的表达是：
If water is polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
因为前后句主语一致，为使句子简洁，可以改写为：
If polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
典型例题
1）_____ some officials， Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed
答案B. Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义。being followed除表达被动之外，还有动作正在进行之意。 followed by（被…跟随）。本题可改为： With some officials following， Napoleon inspected his army.
2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
答案B. 由于声音在闪电后，因此为声跟随着光，声音为跟随的发出者，为主动。用现在分词。
3）_______， liquids can be changed into gases.
A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat
答案C. 本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动，正在进行的；过去分词表被动的，已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者，是被动的，因而选C.它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated，…
注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：
Used for a long time， the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book， I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。
也就是说，当分词在句子中作状语时，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
Eg. Not shavings enough hands, we turned to them for help.(we don't have enough hands)
Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us)
Inspired by Leifeng, the people in China worked very hard to achieve their modernization.
1)____the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge. (CET-4 1996,6)
A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed
本句意思为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系，及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。
2)No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. (CET-4 1995, 6)
A) performing B) performed C) to be performed D) being performed
本句中贝多芬的作品被反复表演，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，故答案为B.
最终答案：略
解题过程：
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。
现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。
1.现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。
He went out shutting the door behind him.
他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2.过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
If polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
“水”与“污染”之间是被动关系，完整的表达是：
If water is polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
因为前后句主语一致，为使句子简洁，可以改写为：
If polluted,water will be harmful to human life.
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
典型例题
1）_____ some officials， Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed
答案B. Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义。being followed除表达被动之外，还有动作正在进行之意。 followed by（被…跟随）。本题可改为： With some officials following， Napoleon inspected his army.
2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
答案B. 由于声音在闪电后，因此为声跟随着光，声音为跟随的发出者，为主动。用现在分词。
3）_______， liquids can be changed into gases.
A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat
答案C. 本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动，正在进行的；过去分词表被动的，已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者，是被动的，因而选C.它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated，…
注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：
Used for a long time， the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book， I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。
也就是说，当分词在句子中作状语时，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
Eg. Not shavings enough hands, we turned to them for help.(we don't have enough hands)
Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us)
Inspired by Leifeng, the people in China worked very hard to achieve their modernization.
1)____the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge. (CET-4 1996,6)
A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed
本句意思为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系，及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。
2)No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. (CET-4 1995, 6)
A) performing B) performed C) to be performed D) being performed
本句中贝多芬的作品被反复表演，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，故答案为B.
最终答案：略