老师那个2015年北京市海淀区中考一模试卷中c篇怎么翻译

老师那个2015年北京市海淀区中考一模试卷中c篇怎么翻译
中考文章翻译

解题思路： 英译汉时，只有依据原文特定的语言环境，根据上下文逻辑关系、文体风格和搭配习惯，充分考虑英汉语言的差异，才能在许多不同的词义中选出最确切的词义，并作出符合汉语习惯的表达。
解题过程：
Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask for next-day delivery! Each day, more and more people try online shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.
People are surprised to hear this. “They think, I don?t need to drive, and the business doesn?t need to build a store, so there will be less pollution,” says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. “But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution.”
In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by 33 percent between 1986 and 1997. “Online shopping could have similarly negative effects,” says Nevil Cohen, a professor of environmental science.
Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy products such as televisions, computers, and furniture. These products need to be packed in large amounts of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.
Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask for next-day delivery, companies often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more fuel than cars and produce more carbon dioxide (CO2). When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.
Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes without extra pay if they are the wrong size. This doubles the packing material and number of airplane trips required to sell one pair of shoes.
“If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop,” says Prost. “People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?” Online stores can also charge（收费）customers for returns. This may make people shop more carefully. “Online shopping is fast and easy,” says Prost, “but we can?t forget the negative effects it has on the environment.”
需要买点东西吗？为什么要去商店？在网上买它！现在需要吗？为什么要等？要求第二天交货！每天，越来越多的人尝试在线购物。事实上，在过去的十年里，网上销售已经翻了一番。但并不是每个人都很兴奋。一些科学家现在说，网上购物对环境有害。
人们很惊讶地听到这个。“他们认为，我不需要开车，企业也不需要建立一个商店，所以将会有更少的污染，”努丽娅.普罗斯特，一个环境科学家说。“但不是那么简单。事实上，网上购物是一种浪费。它也增加了空气污染。”
事实上，对环境来说互联网并不总是像它看起来那样是好朋友。例如，大多数人认为互联网将帮助办公室使用更少的纸张和其他材料。但是纸使用1986年和1997年之间增加了33%。“网上购物能有同样的负面影响”科恩，一个环境科学教授说。
问题的部分是这些天什么人正在购买。在过去，人们在互联网上买东西，并不需要大量的包装材料，如书籍和服装。但现在人们也在网上购物，如电视机、电脑、家具等大型、重型产品。这些产品需要大量的塑料和纸包装。这制造了大量的浪费。
另一个问题是网上购物造成的空气污染。当顾客购买产品,要求第二天交货,企业往往通过飞机发送它们。飞机使用的燃料比汽车的燃料要多，并且产生更多的二氧化碳。当人们从不同的网上商店购买很多不同的东西时，这会造成更多的飞机飞行。
在线产品收益也是一个问题。例如，一个网上的鞋店如果客户提供错误的尺寸可以允许顾客退货，而不需要额外的报酬。这样卖一双鞋需要增加一倍的包装材料和飞机旅行的数量。
“如果人们要保护环境，在购物前他们需要思考，”普罗斯特说。“人们需要问自己：这正是我想要的吗？我真的需要它，明天，我可以等待吗？“网上商店对客户退货也可以收费。这可能使人们更小心地购物。“网上购物方便快捷”普罗斯特说，“但我们别忘了它对环境的负面影响。”