神马作文网初三英语上册12单元语法总结
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初三英语上册12单元语法总结
解题思路： 如下
解题过程：
重点词和短语
1. be supposed to do sth 应该做某事
2. shake hands with sb. 和某人握手
3. for the first time 第一次
4. bow to sb 向某人鞠躬
5. should have done sth 过去应该作某事(但实际未做)
6. be important to sb 对某人重要
7. be relaxed about sth. 对……放松
8. drop by 顺便拜访
visit sb 拜访
9. after all 毕竟
10. make plans to do sth 制定计划做某事
11. without doing sth 没有做某事
12. The first thing is to greet the teacher. 第一件事是问候老师.
13. table / good / bad manners 餐桌礼仪/有礼貌/不礼貌
14. at the table / at table 在桌旁 / 在进餐
15. pick up your bowl 端起你的饭碗
pick up 拣起,拾起
16. point at / to 指向
17. There is no reason to do sth 没有理由做某事.
18. go out of one’s way to do sth 特地做某事
19. make sb feel at home 使某人感到不拘束
20. be different from 与……不同
21. make a toast 敬酒
22. older people 长辈
23. give compliments 称赞
24. make appointments 约会
25. behave differently 表现不同
26. begin with 从……开始
27. not … but… 不是……，而是……
28. Questions crowded my mind. 我满脑子都是疑问.
29. e-mail English 邮件英语
spoken / written English 英语口语/ 书面英语
30. e-mail chatline 网上聊天热线
31. have online conversations with friends 和朋友上网聊天
32. get bored 感到烦恼
33. show the emotion you are feeling把你正感觉着的感情表现出来
34. combine sth to sth 把sth和sth结合
35. can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事
36. learn … by oneself/ teach oneself … 自学
37. at the proper time 在适当的时候
38. send a message to sb. on a mobile phone用手机发短息给某人
39. be pleased with 对……满意
重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1. You’re supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。（标题）
be supposed to用来表示根据规定或按照法律人们不得不做的事，或期待将要发生的事，与should相似，后面也是接动词原形。否定形式在be动词后加not，常表示禁止做某事。
We’re supposed to make no noise in class. 在课堂上我们不该发出噪音。
We’re supposed to start work at 8:00 every morning.
我们应该每天早晨八点开始工作。
This is secret and I’m not supposed to talk about it. 这是秘密，我不应该谈论。
2. Spending time with family and friends is very important to us. 与家人和朋友共度时光对我们非常重要。（Secton A, 3a）
Spending time with family and friends 是动名词短语，在本句中作主语。动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如果是并列的动名词（短语）作主句时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Reading in bed is not good for your eyes. 在床上看书对眼睛不好。
Reading and writing take me a lot of time. 读书写作花了我不少时间。
3. We’re the land of watches, after all! 毕竟我们这里是手表王国。（Secton A, 3a）
句中的land意为“国土”，“国家”。它还可以表示 “陆地”，与河流和海洋相对；也可以表示“土地”，可耕种的田地就叫做land。
We traveled by land until we reached the sea.我们沿陆路旅行，直到看见大海。
All the waste land in this area has been opened up.这个地区的荒地全被开垦了。
知识拓展
与“土地”，“地”相关的词语还有earth, soil和ground。
◎ earth意为“地”，“地球”，“泥土”。它着重指“大地”，区别于“天空”。
The earth moves round the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
◎ soil意为“土地”，“土壤”，尤指生长植物的土地。
The soil is very thin in the forest.森林里土层非常薄。
◎ ground意为“地”，“地面”，主要指大地表面。不论是泥地，沙地或水泥地，均可用这个词表示；也可以用来指运动场地。
The ground is covered with leaves in the woods.树林里的地面上落满了树叶。
4. You’re not supposed to make noise while eating noodles. 吃面条的时候你不应该弄出响声来。（Section B, 2b）
句中的while eating noodles是while接从句的省略形式，该句完整形式是while you are eating noodles。由while和when引导的时间状语从句，如果主语和主句的主语相同，从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
While/When (she was)leaving the house, she was heard to make some commonplace remark to her husband.有人听到她在离开房间时同他的丈夫寒暄。
5. It’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人是无礼的。（Section B, 2b）
本句是主系表结构，不定式短语是真正的主语，it是形式主语。句中point意为“指”，“指向”，常构成短语point at, point to和point out。
◎point to和point at都含有“指着”的意思，两者一般可以互换。
The teacher is pointing at/to the map on the wall.老师指着墙上的地图。
◎但主语是事物时，一般用point to作谓语。point at可以分开使用，即point后直接跟名词或代词作宾语，再跟介词at表示方向，意为“把……指向”，而point to却不能分开使用。
The soldier pointed his gun at the doctor.士兵用枪指着医生。
◎point out意为“指出”，其中out是副词。如果它后面的宾语是代词，则必须把该宾语放在out之前。
Please point out the mistakes in my composition.请指出我作文中的错误。
Luckily，the man knew Mr Green and pointed him out to us.
幸好这个人认识格林先生，于是便把他指给我们看。
6. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to. 虽然我还是出了不少错，但它（法语）不像以前那样让我烦恼。（Section B, 3a）
⑴mistake意为“错误”，“过失”，可数名词，常指由于认识，理解或判断上的失误造成行为或看法上的错误，也指因粗心，疏忽，技术不熟练等而犯的错误。通常与make连用构成make mistakes / a mistake“出错”，“犯错误”。
Anyone can make a mistake. 人人都会犯错误。
He only made two mistakes in grammar today. 他今天只犯了两个语法错误。
⑵bother 意思是“烦扰，打扰”，常用作及物动词。
Hot weather bothers me. 炎热的天气使我烦恼。
7. ...your teachers will not be pleased if you write e-mail English in a test!……如果你在测试中用电子邮件英语老师会不高兴的。（Reading）
please“使高兴”，相关词语有pleased, pleasure与pleasant。
Does the cloth please you?这布料合你的意吗？
The Emperor was pleased by what the Minister told him about the cloth.
听了大臣关于布料的禀报，皇帝非常高兴。
【友情链接】这四个词都有“满意”，“高兴”的意思，但词性和用法不相同。
◎ please是动词，可用作及物动词或不及物动词，表示“（使）高兴，满意，愉快”。
◎ pleased是过去分词，意为“感到高兴（满意）”，其作用相当于形容词，常与be连用，后接介词at, with, by等引起的短语，还可接动词不定式或that从句。
◎ pleasure是名词，表示“高兴”，“快乐”，“娱乐”时，为不可数名词；表示“乐趣，高兴的事”时，为可数名词。如：It is one of my greatest pleasures.它是我最大的乐趣之一。
◎pleasant是形容词，意为“使人感到愉快（满意）”，一般用作定语。如主语指物，也可用作表语。
语法：
be supposed to do 句型大练兵
★be supposed to do… 常用来表示被要求、希望做某事，含有必须、应该或理应做某事的意义，常意为“理应；被期望”，相当于should。
★be supposed to do…时态、人称和数的变化在动词be上体现，to为动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形。
否定句练兵
You are supposed to tell her this bad news. （改为否定句）
You tell her this bad news.
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do的否定句式，即在be动词后加not。此时相当于should not或be not allowed to do，意为“不应当做；不被许可做”。应填写：aren’t supposed to。
疑问句练兵
1. He is supposed to get there at six o’clock. （改为一般疑问句）
he get there at six o’clock?
2. Bill is supposed to call his father as soon as possible. （对划线部分提问）
Bill as soon as possible?
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do转化为一般疑问句式时，直接将be的相应形式提到主语前。第2题考查特殊疑问句。应填写：1. Is; supposed to 2. What is; supposed to do。
同义句练兵
Parents should let their children know some good manners. （改为同义句）
Parents let their children know some good manners.
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do意为“理应、应该”，与shold同义。应填写：are supposed to。
主动句练兵
Mr Wang is supposed to be the best teacher in our school. （改为主动语态）
We Mr Wang the best teacher in our school.
【融会贯通】
sb. / sth. be supposed to be…其主动形式为“suppose sb. / sth. to be + 形容词/名词”，意思是“认为某人/某事……”。应填写：suppose; to be。
中考聚焦
考点1. be supposed to do
①You ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
A. supposed that B. are supposed to C. are wanted
②人们初次见面时应该握手。
People are when they meet for the first time.
【要点简析】be supposed to do… 意为“理应 / 被期望 / 应该做……”。shake hands 固定短语，意为“握手”。 ①选B。②填写：supposed to shake hands。
考点2.区别used to与 be / get used to
①He used to in the sun, but now he is used to at night.（2007甘肃兰州）
A. read; read B. reading; read C. read; reading D. reading; reading
②迈克过去常常睡懒觉，但现在他习惯于早起。
Mike to late, but now he used to up early.
【要点简析】used to “过去常常”，to为动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形； be / get used to “习惯于”，to为介词，后面接 V-ing形式、名词、代词。①选C。②填写：used; sleep; is / gets; getting。
考点3. find + it + adj.+ to do sth.
①Most young people find exciting to watch a football match.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
②我们发现学习团队精神对青少年很重要。
We find important for us teenagers learn team spirit.
【要点简析】find 后面接复合宾语，其结构为“find + it + adj.+ to do sth.”。其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.，形容词作宾语补足语。①选A。②填写：it; to。
考点4. It’s + adj. + for / of sb. + to do sth.
①It’s very nice pictures for me.
A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing
②Many people think it’s very important us learn English well.
A. for; to B. to; to C. with; for
【要点简析】选用of 还是for，要根据形容词的性质来确定。句型It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 意为“对于某人来说，做某事……”。其中的形容词通常是表示客观情况。如：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, interesting等。句型It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太……了”。其中的形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度。如：good, kind, nice, wise, clever, foolish, right, wrong, careful, careless等。①选A。②选A。
考点5. relaxed
①—How nice the music sounds!
—It does! The peaceful music will make you feel .
A. excited B. bored C. moved D. relaxed
②直到考试结束，学生们才会觉得放松。
The students until the exam is over.
【要点简析】relaxed形容词，意为“放松的；宽松的；轻松自在的”，在句中可作表语或定语。①选D。②填写：won’t be relaxed。
最终答案：略
解题过程：
重点词和短语
1. be supposed to do sth 应该做某事
2. shake hands with sb. 和某人握手
3. for the first time 第一次
4. bow to sb 向某人鞠躬
5. should have done sth 过去应该作某事(但实际未做)
6. be important to sb 对某人重要
7. be relaxed about sth. 对……放松
8. drop by 顺便拜访
visit sb 拜访
9. after all 毕竟
10. make plans to do sth 制定计划做某事
11. without doing sth 没有做某事
12. The first thing is to greet the teacher. 第一件事是问候老师.
13. table / good / bad manners 餐桌礼仪/有礼貌/不礼貌
14. at the table / at table 在桌旁 / 在进餐
15. pick up your bowl 端起你的饭碗
pick up 拣起,拾起
16. point at / to 指向
17. There is no reason to do sth 没有理由做某事.
18. go out of one’s way to do sth 特地做某事
19. make sb feel at home 使某人感到不拘束
20. be different from 与……不同
21. make a toast 敬酒
22. older people 长辈
23. give compliments 称赞
24. make appointments 约会
25. behave differently 表现不同
26. begin with 从……开始
27. not … but… 不是……，而是……
28. Questions crowded my mind. 我满脑子都是疑问.
29. e-mail English 邮件英语
spoken / written English 英语口语/ 书面英语
30. e-mail chatline 网上聊天热线
31. have online conversations with friends 和朋友上网聊天
32. get bored 感到烦恼
33. show the emotion you are feeling把你正感觉着的感情表现出来
34. combine sth to sth 把sth和sth结合
35. can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事
36. learn … by oneself/ teach oneself … 自学
37. at the proper time 在适当的时候
38. send a message to sb. on a mobile phone用手机发短息给某人
39. be pleased with 对……满意
重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1. You’re supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。（标题）
be supposed to用来表示根据规定或按照法律人们不得不做的事，或期待将要发生的事，与should相似，后面也是接动词原形。否定形式在be动词后加not，常表示禁止做某事。
We’re supposed to make no noise in class. 在课堂上我们不该发出噪音。
We’re supposed to start work at 8:00 every morning.
我们应该每天早晨八点开始工作。
This is secret and I’m not supposed to talk about it. 这是秘密，我不应该谈论。
2. Spending time with family and friends is very important to us. 与家人和朋友共度时光对我们非常重要。（Secton A, 3a）
Spending time with family and friends 是动名词短语，在本句中作主语。动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如果是并列的动名词（短语）作主句时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Reading in bed is not good for your eyes. 在床上看书对眼睛不好。
Reading and writing take me a lot of time. 读书写作花了我不少时间。
3. We’re the land of watches, after all! 毕竟我们这里是手表王国。（Secton A, 3a）
句中的land意为“国土”，“国家”。它还可以表示 “陆地”，与河流和海洋相对；也可以表示“土地”，可耕种的田地就叫做land。
We traveled by land until we reached the sea.我们沿陆路旅行，直到看见大海。
All the waste land in this area has been opened up.这个地区的荒地全被开垦了。
知识拓展
与“土地”，“地”相关的词语还有earth, soil和ground。
◎ earth意为“地”，“地球”，“泥土”。它着重指“大地”，区别于“天空”。
The earth moves round the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
◎ soil意为“土地”，“土壤”，尤指生长植物的土地。
The soil is very thin in the forest.森林里土层非常薄。
◎ ground意为“地”，“地面”，主要指大地表面。不论是泥地，沙地或水泥地，均可用这个词表示；也可以用来指运动场地。
The ground is covered with leaves in the woods.树林里的地面上落满了树叶。
4. You’re not supposed to make noise while eating noodles. 吃面条的时候你不应该弄出响声来。（Section B, 2b）
句中的while eating noodles是while接从句的省略形式，该句完整形式是while you are eating noodles。由while和when引导的时间状语从句，如果主语和主句的主语相同，从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
While/When (she was)leaving the house, she was heard to make some commonplace remark to her husband.有人听到她在离开房间时同他的丈夫寒暄。
5. It’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人是无礼的。（Section B, 2b）
本句是主系表结构，不定式短语是真正的主语，it是形式主语。句中point意为“指”，“指向”，常构成短语point at, point to和point out。
◎point to和point at都含有“指着”的意思，两者一般可以互换。
The teacher is pointing at/to the map on the wall.老师指着墙上的地图。
◎但主语是事物时，一般用point to作谓语。point at可以分开使用，即point后直接跟名词或代词作宾语，再跟介词at表示方向，意为“把……指向”，而point to却不能分开使用。
The soldier pointed his gun at the doctor.士兵用枪指着医生。
◎point out意为“指出”，其中out是副词。如果它后面的宾语是代词，则必须把该宾语放在out之前。
Please point out the mistakes in my composition.请指出我作文中的错误。
Luckily，the man knew Mr Green and pointed him out to us.
幸好这个人认识格林先生，于是便把他指给我们看。
6. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to. 虽然我还是出了不少错，但它（法语）不像以前那样让我烦恼。（Section B, 3a）
⑴mistake意为“错误”，“过失”，可数名词，常指由于认识，理解或判断上的失误造成行为或看法上的错误，也指因粗心，疏忽，技术不熟练等而犯的错误。通常与make连用构成make mistakes / a mistake“出错”，“犯错误”。
Anyone can make a mistake. 人人都会犯错误。
He only made two mistakes in grammar today. 他今天只犯了两个语法错误。
⑵bother 意思是“烦扰，打扰”，常用作及物动词。
Hot weather bothers me. 炎热的天气使我烦恼。
7. ...your teachers will not be pleased if you write e-mail English in a test!……如果你在测试中用电子邮件英语老师会不高兴的。（Reading）
please“使高兴”，相关词语有pleased, pleasure与pleasant。
Does the cloth please you?这布料合你的意吗？
The Emperor was pleased by what the Minister told him about the cloth.
听了大臣关于布料的禀报，皇帝非常高兴。
【友情链接】这四个词都有“满意”，“高兴”的意思，但词性和用法不相同。
◎ please是动词，可用作及物动词或不及物动词，表示“（使）高兴，满意，愉快”。
◎ pleased是过去分词，意为“感到高兴（满意）”，其作用相当于形容词，常与be连用，后接介词at, with, by等引起的短语，还可接动词不定式或that从句。
◎ pleasure是名词，表示“高兴”，“快乐”，“娱乐”时，为不可数名词；表示“乐趣，高兴的事”时，为可数名词。如：It is one of my greatest pleasures.它是我最大的乐趣之一。
◎pleasant是形容词，意为“使人感到愉快（满意）”，一般用作定语。如主语指物，也可用作表语。
语法：
be supposed to do 句型大练兵
★be supposed to do… 常用来表示被要求、希望做某事，含有必须、应该或理应做某事的意义，常意为“理应；被期望”，相当于should。
★be supposed to do…时态、人称和数的变化在动词be上体现，to为动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形。
否定句练兵
You are supposed to tell her this bad news. （改为否定句）
You tell her this bad news.
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do的否定句式，即在be动词后加not。此时相当于should not或be not allowed to do，意为“不应当做；不被许可做”。应填写：aren’t supposed to。
疑问句练兵
1. He is supposed to get there at six o’clock. （改为一般疑问句）
he get there at six o’clock?
2. Bill is supposed to call his father as soon as possible. （对划线部分提问）
Bill as soon as possible?
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do转化为一般疑问句式时，直接将be的相应形式提到主语前。第2题考查特殊疑问句。应填写：1. Is; supposed to 2. What is; supposed to do。
同义句练兵
Parents should let their children know some good manners. （改为同义句）
Parents let their children know some good manners.
【融会贯通】
be supposed to do意为“理应、应该”，与shold同义。应填写：are supposed to。
主动句练兵
Mr Wang is supposed to be the best teacher in our school. （改为主动语态）
We Mr Wang the best teacher in our school.
【融会贯通】
sb. / sth. be supposed to be…其主动形式为“suppose sb. / sth. to be + 形容词/名词”，意思是“认为某人/某事……”。应填写：suppose; to be。
中考聚焦
考点1. be supposed to do
①You ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
A. supposed that B. are supposed to C. are wanted
②人们初次见面时应该握手。
People are when they meet for the first time.
【要点简析】be supposed to do… 意为“理应 / 被期望 / 应该做……”。shake hands 固定短语，意为“握手”。 ①选B。②填写：supposed to shake hands。
考点2.区别used to与 be / get used to
①He used to in the sun, but now he is used to at night.（2007甘肃兰州）
A. read; read B. reading; read C. read; reading D. reading; reading
②迈克过去常常睡懒觉，但现在他习惯于早起。
Mike to late, but now he used to up early.
【要点简析】used to “过去常常”，to为动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形； be / get used to “习惯于”，to为介词，后面接 V-ing形式、名词、代词。①选C。②填写：used; sleep; is / gets; getting。
考点3. find + it + adj.+ to do sth.
①Most young people find exciting to watch a football match.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
②我们发现学习团队精神对青少年很重要。
We find important for us teenagers learn team spirit.
【要点简析】find 后面接复合宾语，其结构为“find + it + adj.+ to do sth.”。其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.，形容词作宾语补足语。①选A。②填写：it; to。
考点4. It’s + adj. + for / of sb. + to do sth.
①It’s very nice pictures for me.
A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing
②Many people think it’s very important us learn English well.
A. for; to B. to; to C. with; for
【要点简析】选用of 还是for，要根据形容词的性质来确定。句型It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 意为“对于某人来说，做某事……”。其中的形容词通常是表示客观情况。如：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, interesting等。句型It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太……了”。其中的形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度。如：good, kind, nice, wise, clever, foolish, right, wrong, careful, careless等。①选A。②选A。
考点5. relaxed
①—How nice the music sounds!
—It does! The peaceful music will make you feel .
A. excited B. bored C. moved D. relaxed
②直到考试结束，学生们才会觉得放松。
The students until the exam is over.
【要点简析】relaxed形容词，意为“放松的；宽松的；轻松自在的”，在句中可作表语或定语。①选D。②填写：won’t be relaxed。
最终答案：略