英语翻译The partially hydrolytized polyacrylamide (HPAM) is amon

英语翻译
The partially hydrolytized polyacrylamide (HPAM) is among these polymers and is widely used in polymer flooding and combinational chemical flooding in China.The electrostatic resistance among the coo- groups makes the molecular chains of HPAM extend and this extension caneffectively enlarge the fluid mechanical volume of the
polymer and then increase the viscosity.However,In salting solution,the existence of sal ions weakens the electrostatic resistance and makes the chains coil up,which results in an
effectively enlarge the fluid mechanical volume of the
polymer and then increase the viscosity.However,In salting
solution,the existence of sal ions weakens the electrostatic
resistance and makes the chains coil up,which results in an
obvious decrease of the fluid mechanical volume and the
viscosity.Furthermore,HPAM is easy to be attacked by
thermal oxidation degradation when the temperature of oil
reservoir is above 60 C and completely lose its viscosity.As
the consequences,a high concentration of the polymer is
required in actual applications and HPAM is not suitable for
oil reservoir with high temperature and high saltness.All these
disadvantages seriously retard the propagation of combin-
ational chemical flooding in China.
The synthesized hydrophobically associating polymer in our
study has a structure of hydrophilic molecular main chains
with a few hydrophobic groups.In the polymer water solution,
the hydrophobic groups gather together as pushed by water.It
results in physical association both among and within polymer
molecular chains.This association can increase the fluid
mechanical volume,therefore it has a strong effect on
increasing the viscosity of the water solution.Adding small
molecular electrolytes into water solution can then increase
the polarizability of the water solution and then reinforce the
hydrophobic association.The salt-resistance thus improved.
Furthermore,the hydrophobic effect can be regarded as a
process of entropy increase,which means that as temperature
increases,the hydrophobic effect also increase.The
hydrophobic association is favored when temperature increase
in certain conditions.It means that water-soluble hydropho-
bically associating polymers should have higher temperature-
resistance than ordinary water-soluble polymers (2).Some of
the results of our study will be shown here.

该部分hydrolytized聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）是其中聚合物,广泛应用于聚合物驱和化学驱中国组合使用.间的首席运营官群静电电阻使聚合物分子链的延伸和扩大这个扩展caneffectively流体机械量聚合物然后增加粘度.然而,在腌制溶液中,萨尔静电离子的存在削弱了抵抗,使线圈起来的链条,这在一个结果有效地扩大了流体力学体积聚合物然后增加粘度.然而,在腌制溶液中,萨尔离子的存在削弱了静电阻力,使线圈起来的链条,这在一个结果明显减少了体积和流体机械粘度.此外,聚丙烯酰胺是容易被攻击热氧化降解时,油温水库,完全失去其粘度高于60!ç.如造成的后果,一个是高浓度的聚合物需要在实际应用和聚合物不适合油藏具有高温,高盐度.所有这些缺点严重阻碍传播结合了,在中国化学驱.
所合成的疏水缔合聚合物在我们的研究亲水性分子的主链结构与一些疏水基团.在聚合物的水溶液,的疏水基团聚集在一起,推水.它结果在这两个之间和内部的高分子物理协会分子链.该协会可以提高流体机械量,因此它具有很强的影响提高水的溶液的粘度.添加小入水电解质溶液的分子就可以增加水的溶液,然后强化极化疏水缔.盐性因此提高.此外,疏水作用可以被视为熵增加的过程,这意味着,由于温度增加,疏水效应也增加.该疏水缔是赞成当温度上升在一定的条件.这意味着,水溶性hydropho -bically缔合聚合物应该有更高的温度电阻比普通水溶性聚合物（2）.一些我们的研究结果将显示在这里.