英语翻译主要是各种磨鞋和铣鞋的介绍和翻译不是要车床和铣床的，而是石油井下搞修井的磨铣工具！

英语翻译
主要是各种磨鞋和铣鞋的介绍和翻译
不是要车床和铣床的，而是石油井下搞修井的磨铣工具！

车床是指以工件旋转为主运动,车刀移动为进给运动加工回转表面的机床.它可用于加工各种回转成型面,例如：内外圆柱面、内外圆锥面、内外螺纹以及端面、沟槽、滚花等.它是金属切削机床中使用最广,生产历史最久,品种最多的一种机床.车床的种类型号很多,按其用途,结构可分为：仪表车床、卧式车床、单轴自动车床、多轴自动和半自动车床、转塔车床、立式车床、多刀半自动车床、专门化车床等.近年来,计算机技术被广泛运用到机床制造业,随之出现了数控车床、车削加工中心等机电一体化的产品.
铣床系指主要用铣刀在工件上加工各种表面的机床.通常铣刀旋转运动为主运动,工件(和)铣刀的移动为进给运动.它可以加工平面、沟槽,也可以加工各种曲面、齿轮等.铣床的种类很多,按其结构分主要有：
(1)台式铣床：小型的用于铣削仪器、仪表等小型零件的铣床.
(2)悬臂式铣床：铣头装在悬臂上的铣床,床身水平布置,悬臂通常可沿床身一侧立柱导轨作垂直移动,铣头沿悬臂导轨移动.
(3)滑枕式铣床：主轴装在滑枕上的铣床,床身水平布置,滑枕可沿滑鞍导轨作横向移动,滑鞍可沿立柱导轨作垂直移动.
(4)龙门式铣床：床身水平布置,其两侧的立柱和连接梁构成门架的铣床.铣头装在横梁和立柱上,可沿其导轨移动.通常横梁可沿立柱导轨垂向移动,工作台可沿床身导轨纵向移动.用于大件加工.
(5)平面铣床：用于铣削平面和成型面的铣床,床身水平布置,通常工作台沿床身导轨纵向移动,主轴可轴向移动.它结构简单,生产效率高.
(6)仿形铣床：对工件进行仿形加工的铣床.一般用于加工复杂形状工件.
(7)升降台铣床：具有可沿床身导轨垂直移动的升降台的铣床,通常安装在升降台上的工作台和滑鞍可分别作纵向、横向移动.
(8)摇臂铣床：摇臂装在床身顶部,铣头装在摇臂一端,摇臂可在水平面内回转和移动,铣头能在摇臂的端面上回转一定角度的铣床.
(9)床身式铣床：工作台不能升降,可沿床身导轨作纵向移动,铣头或立柱可作垂直移动的铣床.
(10)专用铣床：例如工具铣床：用于铣削工具模具的铣床,加工精度高,加工形状复杂.
1. 概述
刨床系指用刨刀加工工件表面的机床.刀具与工件做相对直线运动进行加工,主要用于各种平面与沟槽加工,也可用于直线成形面的加工.按其结构可分为以下类型：
(1)悬臂刨床：具有单立柱和悬臂的刨床,工作台沿床身导轨作纵向往复运动,垂直刀架可沿悬臂导轨横向移动、侧刀架沿立柱导轨垂向移动.
(2)龙门刨床：具有双立柱和横梁,工作台沿床身导轨作纵向往复运动,立柱和横梁分别装有可移动侧刀架和垂直刀架的刨床.
(3)牛头刨床：刨刀安装在滑枕的刀架上作纵向往复运动的刨床.通常工作台作横向或垂向间歇进给运动.
(4)插床(立刨床)：该类机床刀具在垂直面内作往复运动,工作台做进给运动.
磨床系指用磨具或磨料加工工件各种表面的机床.一般用于对零件淬硬表面做磨削加工.通常,磨具旋转为主运动,工件或磨具的移动为进给运动,其应用广泛、加工精度高、表面粗糙度Ra值小,磨床可分为十余种：
(1)外圆磨床：是普通型的基型系列,主要用于磨削圆柱形和圆锥形外表面的磨床.
(2)内圆磨床：是普通型的基型系列,主要用于磨削圆柱形和圆锥形内表面的磨床.
(3)座标磨床：具有精密座标定位装置的内圆磨床.
(4)无心磨床：工件采用无心夹持,一般支承在导轮和托架之间,由导轮驱动工件旋转,主要用于磨削圆柱形表面的磨床.
(5)平面磨床：主要用于磨削工件平面的磨床.
(6)砂带磨床：用快速运动的砂带进行磨削的磨床.
(7)珩磨机：用于珩磨工件各种表面的磨床.
(8)研磨机：用于研磨工件平面或圆柱形内,外表面的磨床.
(9)导轨磨床：主要用于磨削机床导轨面的磨床.
(10)工具磨床：用于磨削工具的磨床.
(11)多用磨床：用于磨削圆柱、圆锥形内、外表面或平面,并能用随动装置及附件磨削多种工件的磨床.
(12)专用磨床：从事对某类零件进行磨削的专用机床.按其加工对象又可分为：花键轴磨床、曲轴磨床、凸轮磨床、齿轮磨床、螺纹磨床、曲线磨床等.
Lathe is mainly refers to the workpiece rotation movement, mobile tools for processing into rotary movement to the surface of the machine. It can be used for processing a variety of rotary forming surface, such as: internal and external cylindrical surface, both inside and outside the cone surface, internal and external threads, as well as face, groove, roll and flowers. It is a metal-cutting machine tools in the most widely used, the production of the oldest, most varieties of a machine tool. Many types of lathe models, according to their purpose, structure can be divided into: Instrument lathe, horizontal lathe, single-axis automatic lathe, automatic and semi-automatic multi-axis lathe, turret lathe, vertical lathe, multi-blade semi-automatic lathes, specialized lathe and so on. In recent years, computer technology is widely used in machine tool manufacturing, the resulting numerical control lathes, turning centers, mechanical-electrical integration products.
Means the main milling cutter in the workpiece on the surface of processing a variety of machine tools. Cutter rotation is usually the main movement, the workpiece (and) the movement of milling cutter for the feed movement. It can process flat, groove, can also process a variety of surfaces, and other gear. Many different types of milling machines, according to the structure of the main points are:
(1) desktop machine: for small-scale milling equipment, instruments and other small parts of the milling machine.
(2) cantilever milling: milling head mounted on a cantilever on the milling machine, bed level layout, the cantilever is usually along the side of column bed rail for vertical movement along the cantilever rail milling head moving.
(3) milling machine pillow slip: slip pillow mounted on a spindle of the milling machine, bed level layout ram can slide along the rails for lateral movement saddle, saddle can slide along the guide column for vertical movement.
(4) gantry-style milling machine: bed level layout, and its connections on both sides of the column and beam gantry milling machines pose. Milling head mounted on the beams and columns can be moved along its rails. Beams often can be moved along the vertical guide column, table bed rail along longitudinal movement. Processing for large.
(5) plane milling machine: for milling and molding plane surface milling machine, bed layout level, usually along the bed rail table vertical movement of the spindle can move axially. Its simple structure, high production efficiency.
(6) Copying Milling Machine: A profile of workpiece for the milling process. The complexity of the general shape of the workpiece for processing.
(7) Lift Table Milling Machine: The rail bed along the lifting platform vertical movement of the milling machine, typically installed in the landing and taking off the table and slide the platform saddle can make vertical, horizontal mobile.
(8) Milling rocker: rocker arm mounted on a bed at the top end milling head mounted on a rocker arm, rocker arm in the horizontal plane with rotation and movement of the milling head in the rocker-side surface of a certain rotation angle of the milling machine.
(9) bed-type milling machine: table can not take-off and landing, along the rail bed for vertical movement of milling head or the column can be used for vertical movement of the milling machine.
(10) dedicated milling machine: for example, milling machine tools: milling tool for milling machine tool, processing high-precision machining of complex shapes.
1. Overview
Planer with planing means the surface of the machine tool processing. Tool with the workpiece so the relative linear motion processing, mainly for processing a variety of planar and trench, forming a straight line can also be used for surface processing. Its structure can be divided into the following types:
(1) cantilever planer: cantilever with a single column and the planer, table along the rail bed for vertical reciprocating motion, vertical turret can move along the horizontal cantilever rail, side rail turret vertical movement along the column.
(2) double-housing planer: with dual columns and beams, table along the rail bed for vertical reciprocating movement, with columns and beams, respectively, movable turret and the vertical side of the planer tool.
(3) Shaper: planing to install the tool holder in the ram to make longitudinal reciprocating motion of the planer. Usually table for horizontal or vertical movement of intermittent feeding.
(4) slotting machine (Li-planer): type of machine tool in the vertical plane for reciprocating movement within, to the movement into the table to do.
Means the use of abrasive grinding or abrasive surface processing of various parts of the machine. Generally used for surface hardening of parts grinding. Typically, the main rotary abrasive movement, the movement of the workpiece or abrasive to the Movement for Progressive, the application of a wide range of high precision machining, surface roughness Ra value of small, grinding machine can be divided into more than ten kinds:
(1) Cylindrical Grinder: ordinary type-based series, mainly used for grinding cylindrical and conical outer surface of the grinder.
(2) Internal Grinder: ordinary type-based series, mainly used for grinding cylindrical and conical inner surface of the grinder.
(3) coordinates grinder: positioning system coordinates with a precision grinder.
(4) Centerless Grinder: inadvertent clamping workpieces using the general bearing guide pulley and the bracket in between the guide pulley driven by the workpiece rotation, mainly used for grinding cylindrical surface grinding machines.
(5) Surface Grinder: mainly used for grinding the workpiece plane of the grinder.
(6) Belt Grinder: with the rapid movement of the abrasive belt grinding machine for grinding.
(7) Honing Machines: Honing the workpiece for grinding a variety of surfaces.
(8) grinding machine: for grinding flat or cylindrical workpiece, the outer surface of the grinder.
(9) rail grinding machine: mainly used in rail grinding machine surface grinding machine.
(10) Tool Grinder: The grinder for grinding tools.
(11) multi-purpose machine: for grinding cylindrical, conical, the outer surface or plane, and can follow a variety of devices and accessories grinding machine workpieces.
(12) grinder dedicated: to engage in certain parts of the special grinding machine. Objects according to their processing can be divided into: spline shaft grinder, crankshaft grinder, cam grinder, gear grinder, thread grinder, grinding machine, such as curves.