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一个英语句子thay had all been put to shame by a boy who,while play

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一个英语句子
thay had all been put to shame by a boy who,while playing truant,travelled 1600 miles.首先帮我分析一下这个句子的成分 其次 那个定语引导词who 做的什么语 再次 在那个定语从句里面 的状语可否 改写成 while he played truant 可否改 为什么 区别在哪
一个英语句子thay had all been put to shame by a boy who,while play
整个句子为过去完成时的被动语态.主语为They,谓语部分为had been put to shame ,by后面的部分为状语.who是定语从句的引导词,补充说明先行词a boy.稍微调整一下,这样容易看些:They had all been put to shame by a boy who (while playing truant) travelled 1600 miles.括号内为插入语,不充当句子成分,去掉后句子仍然通顺.They had all been put to shame by a boy who travelled 1600 miles.
while playing truant是插入语,不补充说明作用,不充当句子成分.
改写成 while he played truant 是错误的,while引导进行时,表示动作当时正在发生.