chapter5,6,7概括

rctic Hero --- the Story of Matthew Henson (典范6-16) By Alison Hawes Introduction In 1909 a black American explorer called Matthew Henson helped to discover the North Pole. This story tells you how Matthew became an explorer and the dangers he faced in the bitter cold of the Arctic. Chapter 1: Running Away As a boy, Matthew always longed for adventure. When he was about 12 years old, he ran away to sea. He joined a ship as a cabin boy, peeling potatoes and cleaning the decks. When he left, at the age of 18, he had already traveled the world. Chapter 2: Matthew Meets Robert Peary A few years later Matthew was working in a shop when he met an explorer called Robert Peary. Robert offered him a job, as his servant, working in the jungles of Central America. Matthew was keen to travel again, so he took the job. While they were in the jungle, one of Robert’s survey team fell into some quicksand. The man was so frightened, he left the expedition. Matthew asked if he could take over the man’s job, and he never worked as a servant again. After working in the sticky heat of the jungle, Robert’s next trip was to the bitter cold of the Arctic. He asked Matthew to come with him as a member of his team. He and Matthew then spent the next 18 years exploring the Arctic together. Chapter 3: Matthew in Greenland They began by making several trips to Greenland, where the Inuit people (因纽特人，过去称为爱斯基摩人，居住在北美北部严寒地区) helped them to learn the skills they needed to survive in the Arctic. Matthew quickly learned to speak Inuit and became good friends with the people. They called him “Matthew-the-kind-one”(好人马修). They learned how to fish for charr（嘉鱼） and hunt for seals. They learned to build igloos（雪屋）and make clothes and boots from animal skins. They also learned to build sledges（雪橇）and drive teams of husky dogs. In fact, Matthew soon became an expert（专家）sledge driver. Matthew and Robert traveled across the unexplored ice fields in the north of Greenland. They made maps and helped to show that Greenland is an island. They also found three enormous（巨大的）meteorites（陨石）. But even with help from the Inuit, the Arctic was a dangerous place for Robert and Matthew to be（生存）. Once they were out hunting when a musk ox suddenly charged at（向…冲去）Robert. Just in time, Matthew saved Robert’s life. He shot the ox with his last bullet. Another time they were hundreds of miles from camp when they ran out of food. They were cold and weak, and a man traveling with them was dangerously ill. In the end they had to eat their dogs or（否则）starve to death. Chapter 4: To the North Pole Despite（尽管 =in spite of）the dangers, Robert and Matthew bravely went back to the Arctic again. This time they wanted to do something no one had ever done before. They wanted to try to reach the North Pole. But on their first attempt Robert’s feet became badly frostbitten（严重冻伤）. Robert was in such pain that he couldn’t walk or even stand. As soon as they could travel, Matthew strapped（捆绑） Robert to a sledge and rushed 250 miles to base camp（大本营）, where there was a doctor. The doctor had to take off eight of Robert’s toes. But still Robert and Matthew would not give up. Three more times they tried to reach the Pole. Each time they got closer than before. But each time they were beaten back by blizzards（暴雪） or melting ice. Chapter 5: One Last Chance In 1908 Robert and Matthew sailed from New York to make their fifth attempt to reach the Pole. But they agreed（达成共识）, because of their age, that they would make this their last trip to the Arctic. This would be their last chance to reach the North Pole! On their way north, they stopped in Greenland to buy the huskies, furs and equipment（设备）that they needed. They also visited several villages to hire Inuit men and women to come with them and help them on their last journey. As their ship sailed further north, the sea began to freeze over. At first the ship was able to cut through the ice, but as the ice got thicker they sometimes had to use dynamite（炸药）to help them break through. In the end the sea ice was just too thick and they could go no further. So they set up their base camp on an island off the coast of Canada（靠近加拿大海岸线的）. They spent the winter getting ready for their last attempt to reach the Pole. In the spring they were ready to set out. Robert put the men into teams and they began setting up a line of camps across the sea ice. At each camp they left food, equipment and igloos for Robert and Matthew to use on their way back from the Pole. But this was not easy. Time and time again they were held up by the ice and the bad weather. At times the ice was so jagged it broke their sledges. Other times it was so high that they had to drag their heavy sledges over it by hand. The ice creaked and moaned and cracked open without warning. Once Robert was going to sleep when he heard a noise. Looking outside, he saw a crack open up around one of the other igloos! He and Matthew shouted to the men who just had time to leap to safety（差点来不及跳到安全的地方）. When they were 130 miles from the Pole, they set up their last camp. Robert sent the last support team back to base camp, as they were no longer needed. Then, with Matthew and four Inuit men, he set off on the last leg of their journey to（踏上他们去往…的最后一段路程）the Pole itself. For once the ice was smooth and the weather good, and for the next few days the six men made good speed. But, just a few miles from（就在离…几英里的地方）the Pole, Matthew suddenly fell through the ice. Luckily one of the men was close by and pulled him out before he drowned. Later that day the six men reached the Pole. It was 6th April 1909. After years of hard work, disappointments and danger, Robert and Matthew had done it（成功了）at last. They were the first people ever to stand at the North Pole! Chapter 6: Back Home Matthew and Robert arrived back in New York months later, expecting to be treated as heroes. But this was not to be. While they were away, a man called Frederick Cook had claimed to have reached the North Pole before them! In the end, Cook’s claim was shown to be a hoax. Robert, being the leader of the expedition, was rewarded with the fame and medals he deserved（配得到，应得的）. But sadly in America at that time, black people were given little respect. So, at first, Matthew was not rewarded for his part（发挥的作用）in the expedition. Chapter 7: Rewarded at Last It wasn’t until（直到…才） he was an old man that Matthew was given any rewards for his part in reaching the North Pole. And even now, years after his death, the world is still only just learning about this great explorer. In 2000 the greatest medal an explorer could ever wish for --- the Hubbard medal --- was awarded to Matthew’s niece on Matthew’s behalf. Matthew Henson --- the man who helped to discover the North Pole --- would now be remembered by people all over the world! More information about Matthew Henson In 1998 a film called Glory and Honor（《光荣与荣誉》，中文译名又为《极地悍将》） was made, claiming to be the true story of the search for the North Pole. Then, in 2001, a radio programme called Stealing the Glory was produced. You can find more information about Matthew Henson on these websites:

解题思路： 注意中英文表达异同。
解题过程：
第五章 介绍了由于年龄的原因，罗伯特、马修和他团队中的人只有最后一次尝试征服北极的机会了。经过周密计划，同时克服了各种艰难险阻他们最终成为世界上第一个成功到达北极点的探险者。
第六章 他们回国后并没受到英雄般的待遇，因为有个叫库克的人宣称他是第一个到达北极的人，后来被证明是谎言。直到这时，罗伯特才获得自己赢得的声望和奖赏，但由于马修是黑人，当时的种族歧视比较严重，他却没有得到应得的名声。
第七章 直到马修到了垂暮之年他作为第一个到达北极的探险队的队员所作出的贡献才为人所肯定，他也因此得到了应有的奖赏。2000年，马修的侄女代表他接受了作为一名探险家所期望的最高荣誉——哈伯德奖章。这也是对马修对整个人类作出的贡献的最好的肯定。
最终答案：略