英语翻译AbstractSince the 1980s,stricter water quality regulatio

英语翻译
Abstract
Since the 1980s,stricter water quality regulations have been promulgated in many countries throughout the world.We discuss the application
of a battery of both in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity tests on lake water as a tool for a more complete assessment of surface water quality.The lake
water concentrated by adsorption on C18 silica cartridges were used for the following in vitro biological assays:gene conversion,point mutation,
mitochondrial DNA mutability assays on the diploid Saccharomices cerevisiae D7 strain,with or without endogenous P450 complex induction;
DNA damage on fresh human leukocytes by the comet.Toxicity testing on yeast and human cells was also performed.In vivo genotoxicity was
determined by the comet assay on two well-established bio-indicator organisms of water quality (Cyprinus carpio erythrocytes and Dreissena
polymorpha haemocytes) exposed in situ.The in vivo experiments and the water samplings were carried out during different campaigns to detect
seasonal variations of both the water contents and physiological state of the animals.Temperature and oxygen level seasonal variations and different
pollutant contents in the lake water appeared to affect the DNA migration in carp and zebra mussel cells.Seasonal variability of lake water quality
was also evident in the in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity tests,with regards to water pollutant quantity and quality (direct-acting compounds
or indirect-acting compounds on yeast cells).However,the measured biological effects did not appear clearly related to the physical–chemical
characteristics of lake waters.Therefore,together with the conventional chemical analysis,mutagenicity/genotoxicity assays should be included
as additional parameters in water quality monitoring programs:their use could permit the quantification of mutagenic hazard in surface waters.
© 2005 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.
Keywords:Comet assay; Carp; Zebra mussel; Leukocytes; Saccharomyces cerevisiae

摘要
20世纪80年代以来,更严格的水质规章都已出台,在许多国家,在整个世界.我们讨论的应用
一个电池无论在体外和体内遗传毒性试验,对湖泊水作为一种工具,为一个更完整的评估地表水环境质量.湖
水集中吸附采用C18硅胶墨盒被用于下列体外生物学实验：基因转换,点突变,
线粒体DNA变形的检测对二倍体saccharomices cerevisiae的D7应变,或无内源性色素P450复杂的感应;
DNA损伤的新鲜人类白细胞所释放出来的.毒性试验对酵母和人类细胞中还表演.在体内遗传毒性是
由彗星试验对两个建立了良好的生物指示生物体的水质（鲤红细胞和dreissena
多形血细胞）暴露在原地.在体内实验和水样进行了在不同的运动,以检测
季节变化,无论是水分含量和生理状态的动物.温度和氧气量的季节变化和不同
污染物含量的湖水出现影响DNA迁移,在鲤鱼和斑马贻贝细胞.季节变化的湖泊水质
也很明显,在体外遗传毒性和细胞毒性试验,对于水污染物的数量和质量（直动式化合物
或间接作用的化合物对酵母细胞） .但是,衡量生物效应似乎没有明确涉及到物理化学
特色的湖泊水域.因此,再加上与传统的化学分析法,致突变性/遗传毒性试验,应列入
作为额外参数水质监测方案：他们可以利用许可证量化的诱变危害地表水.
© 2005 Elsevier公司乙诉,保留所有权利.
关键词：彗星试验;鲤;斑马贻贝;白细胞;酿酒酵母