英语翻译1 The R3D4 rigid surfacce element was used to create pin

英语翻译
1 The R3D4 rigid surfacce element was used to create pinned member end restraints
2 rotational and translational degree of freedom
3 An aspect ratio close to unity as the half wavelength parallel to the longitudinal axis of the member
4 zhe shell finite elementdistributed plasticity model
5 To model the spread of plasticity through the thickness of the shell elements,nine integration points through the thickness of the element were used.For hot-rolled and welded I-
sections containing only membrane residual stresses (i.e.,constant through the thickness),the recommended default of five integration points though the thickness of the element was considered to be sufficient.
6 the von Mises yield surface to define isotropic yielding
7 a simplified bilinear stress-strain curve with no strain hardening was used.
8 a tie multiple point constraint equation
9 This equation was designed to constrain the in-plane horizontal translational degrees of freedom of all the nodes located at the base of the columns to be equal to the in-plane
translational degree of freedom of the node located at the centre of the outside flange at the base of the right-hand column.
10 modifying the nodal coordinates using a field created by scaling the appropriate buckling eigenvectors
11 out-of-flatness out-of-straightness out-of-plumbness
12 using the abaqus *INITIAL CONDITIONS option,with TYPE 5 STRESS,USER
13 out-of-balance load vector
14 The Newton-Raphson solution technique and default convergence tolerances were used for all non-linear analyses.

1 The R3D4 rigid surfacce element was used to create pinned member end restraints
1.R3D4刚性表面单体以往用于构造铰接件端部约束
2 rotational degree of freedom
2.旋转自由度
3 An aspect ratio close to unity was required in the areas of the frame subject to local buckling,as the half wavelength parallel to the longitudinal axis of the member is of similar magnitude to the web and flange widths.
3.当半波长平行于纵轴时,（工字梁）梁腹与翼缘宽度量纲相似,结构体和局部弯曲采用近似均一纵横比.
4.the shell finite element distributed plasticity model
塑性模型上的壳体有限元
5.To model the spread of plasticity through the thickness of the shell elements,nine integration points through the thickness of the element were used.For hot-rolled and welded I-sections containing only membrane residual stresses (i.e.,constant through the thickness),the recommended default of five integration points though the thickness of the element was considered to be sufficient.
5.对于模型来说,沿壳体单元厚度方向上有塑性扩展,以往沿单元厚度取九个求积点.虽然热轧和焊接工字型剖面包含薄膜残余应力（例如,沿厚度方向不变的恒量）,但五个求积点的推荐缺省值已经充分考虑到了这一点（元件的厚度）.
6 the von Mises yield surface to define isotropic yielding
冯米泽斯屈服面来定义各向同性屈服
7.a simplified bilinear stress-strain curve with no strain hardening was used.
过去使用一种无变形硬化的简化双线性应力－应变曲线．
8.多结点约束方程
9 This equation was designed to constrain the in-plane horizontal translational degrees of freedom of all the nodes located at the base of the columns to be equal to the in-plane
该方程用于控制立柱底座基面上所有节点自由度在水平方向上的平移量
translational degree of freedom of the node located at the centre of the outside flange at the base of the right-hand column.
节点自由度在水平方向上的平移量分布于右手（顺时针）立柱底座外边缘的中心．
10 modifying the nodal coordinates using a field created by scaling the appropriate buckling eigenvectors
应用恰当的纵向特征向量建立的场来修正节点坐标
11 out-of-flatness out-of-straightness out-of-plumbness
非平面,非线性,非垂直
12 using the abaqus *INITIAL CONDITIONS option,with TYPE 5 STRESS,USER
应用abaqus（?）初始条件,应用第五类应力
13 out-of-balance load vector
失衡装入（加载）向量
14 The Newton-Raphson solution technique and default convergence tolerances were used for all non-linear analyses.
结合Newton-Raphson方法及收敛余裕度应用于所有非线性分析