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反义疑问句(附加疑问句)

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反义疑问句(附加疑问句)
帮忙说一下变翻译疑问句的规则(全部规则)
let’s 和 let us 的区别
let’s 后面用 shall we 那let呢 用 will you 还是 shall we?
反义疑问句(附加疑问句)
let's 后面用shall we.
let us 后面用will you
反意疑问句是英文中常见的一种句型,它提出情况或看法,询问对方同意与否,被广泛应用于英语口语.反意疑问句通常由两部分构成:前一部分用陈述句的形式(statement),后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句(也叫tag question).所附简短问句中的主语和谓语与陈述句的保持一致,而且两部分的时态要一致.反意疑问句有四种类型:(1)肯定陈述+否定简短问句;(2)否定陈述+肯定简短问句;(3)肯定陈述+肯定简短问句;(4)否定陈述+否定简短问句.其中,前两种运用最为广泛.除此之外,反意疑问句还有“祈使句+简短问句”的形式,这种用法通常用于减弱祈使语气.如:Carry this parcel for me,can you?给我拿一下包,好吗?
反意疑问句的构成有以下几点特殊情况须注意:
1.当陈述句的主语是everyone,everybody,someone,somebody时,简短问句中的主语通常用they.如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词,如everything,something,anything,则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it.例如:
Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday,didn’t they?
Nobody came,did they?
Everyone thinks they’re the center of the universe,don’t they?
Nothing can stop us now,can it?
2.当陈述句是表示存在的句子时,简短问句用there 作形式主语.例如:
There isn’t a book on the table,is there?
There’s something wrong,isn’t there?
There won’t be any trouble,will there?
3.如果陈述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定词,如seldom,hardly,never,rarely,little,few,nowhere,nothing,则简短问句通常用肯定形式.但如果陈述句中仅包含有否定前缀,则简短问句中用否定形式.例如:
He was unsuccessful,wasn’t he?
The rules are invariable,aren’t they?
He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation,does he?
He hardly knows anything about computer,does he?
Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money,does he?
4.陈述句中是I am时,简短问句则用aren’t I.例如:
I am an excellent English speaker,aren’t
I am late,aren’t I
5.陈述句中是非限定人称代词one时,正式文体中,简短问句的主语为one,而非正式文体中用you.例如:
One must be honest,mustn’t one?
6.含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中,简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系.但如果主句是I think,I suppose,I believe,I suspect,I imagine 等时,则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之间的关系.例如:
They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq,didn’t they?
I suppose (that) he is serious,isn’t he?
注意:否定词移位的情况,如:
I don’t suppose (that) he is serious,is he?
7.如果陈述句的谓语动词是have (当 “拥有”讲时),简短问句可用have形式或用do形式.例如:
You have a nice house,haven’t/don’t you?
但如果陈述句是否定形式时,简短问句中动词的选择则由陈述句中的动词形式而定.例如:
He hasn’t a house of his own,has he?
He doesn’t have a house of his own,does he?
如果陈述句中的动词 have 表示“经历,遭受,得到,吃”的意思时,则简短问句中的动词用 do的形式.例如:
You often have headaches,don’t you?
8.当陈述句的动词是ought to时,英国英语中简短问句用ought,而美国英语中则用should.
9.陈述句中的动词是used to时,简短问句可用used 的形式或did的形式.例如:
The Smiths used to live in the countryside,usedn’t / didn’t they?
He didn’t use/used to tell lies,did he?
10.陈述句中动词为needn’t时,简短问句通常用 need.例如:
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to,need you?
You needn’t have told him the news,need you?
11.陈述句中must后动词的类属和时态不同,反意疑问句也不同.例如:
The food must be good,isn’t it?
You must have read the book last month,didn't you?
You must see the doctor,needn’t you?(must表必要性,故用needn’t)
You mustn’t do that again,must you?(must表示“不可以”)
12.当陈述部分是一祈使句时,简短问句则通常为 won’t you,would you,can you,can’t you,could you等,使语气婉转、客气.如果陈述部分的祈使句中含有第
一人称时,如Let’s do something,则简短问句为 shall we?例如:
Do sit down,won’t you?
Shut up,can you?
在否定的祈使句后,只能用will you.例如:
Don’t forget,will you?