英语翻译Reactivity of Salt Baths and Diffusion RateThe reactivit

英语翻译
Reactivity of Salt Baths and Diffusion Rate
The reactivity of salt baths combined with their high heat
capacity and direct contact with the steel surface create better
possibilities for nitrogen penetration than in gas nitriding.
This especially concerns cases where the gas process is conducted
at reduced pressure and requires additional measures
for improving the reactivity.
278 K.Funatani
TABLE 1.Nitriding Methods,Materials,and Characteristics of Diffusion Layer
Method Temperature,K Steel
Thickness of compound
layer,\5m
Thickness of diffusion
layer,\5m
Reference
Tufftride TF1 853 1015 \1,13 800 [2,3]
The same 1045 \1,13 780
\x06 \x06 34Cr4 \1,10 480
\x06 \x06 X210Cr12 – 160
Tufftride NS1 843 1015 \1,12 780 [6]
843 SCM435 \1,8 171
“Soft” nitriding in gas medium 843 SS2250 \2\3,\1(?) 353 [7]
“Soft” nitriding in gas medium 793 38CrMoAl \2\3,\1 :(5) 78 – 97 [8]
40Cr \2\3,\1 :(4) 63 – 80
Gas nitriding 773 SAE9254 (\1,\2\3 :5) 49 [9]
Plasma nitriding 793 (pulsed) 722M24 12 h 72 [10]
793 (DC) \x06
Plasma nitriding 833 En40B (–) 100 [11]
813 En19 (–) 110
793 Nirtaps (–) 46
823 36CrMo (–) 100 [12]
823 \x06 + 0.1Y (–) 200
823 \x06 + 0.1Ce (–) 215
Low-temperature salt bath
nitriding (Palsonite)
753 SKD61 \1 :1.5 150 [6]
843 \x06 \1:4 + (CrN) 106
753 SCM435 \1 :4 141 [6]
843 \x06 \1 200
Such treatment is recommended for steels
with a high content of alloying elements,
chromium in particular,which form a protective
oxide film on the surface and delay the
beginning of nitrogen diffusion.The process
is accelerated by acid etching,shot blasting,
or cathode ion sputtering.The energy of
plasma,ionization,and some other treatment
techniques,for example nitriding with the use
of radicals,can raise the reactivity.
The data on the earlier developed Tufftride
process stimulated its wide use at plants
engaged in mechanical treatment of car parts
and in shipbuilding.Today,the parameters obtained
by the DEGUSSA Company in the development
of the Durferrit process have become
a goal to be reached in other nitriding
processes.However,in order to raise the efficiency
of nitriding and reduce its cost,it is
necessary to consider the problems connected
with the chemical efficiency of processes conducted
in salt baths without hazard to ecology.
The diffusion rate in nitriding depends on
the amount of alloying elements,especially
chromium.It can be seen from Table 1 that
the thickness of the diffusion layer depends on the type of the
alloying elements.However,the main characteristic of nitrogen
diffusion in carbon steels C15 and C45 is its rate.The
diffusion rates in \7- and \2-phases and in \1 and \2\3 compounds
differ,but the nitrogen potential is the highest in salt bath
treatment.As follows from Tables 1 and 2,in this case the final
result is obtained in the shortest time.

反应性的盐浴和扩散率
结合其高温盐浴的反应性
容量和钢表面直接接触,创建更好
气体渗氮比氮渗透的可能性.
这尤其是涉及的案件进行了气体过程是
减少压力和需要采取的其他措施
提高活性.
278 K.Funatani
表 1.氮化方法、 材料和扩散层特征
方法温度、 K 钢
厚度的化合物
层 \5m
厚度的扩散
层 \5m
参考
软氮化法国队 853 1015年 \1,13 800 [2、 3]
同一 1045年 \1,13 780
\x06 \x06 34Cr4 \1,10 480
\x06 \x06 X210Cr12-160
软氮化 NS1 843 1015年 \1,12 780 [6]
843 SCM435 \1、 8 171
"软"氮化在气体介质 843 SS2250 \2\3、 \1 ) 353 [7]
"软"氮化在气体介质 793 38CrMoAl \2\3,\1:(5) 78 — — 97 [8]
40Cr \2\3,\1:(4) 63-80
气体渗氮 773 SAE9254 （\1,\2\3：5) 49 [9]
等离子体渗氮 793 (脉冲) 722 M 24 12 h 72 [10]
793 (DC) \x06
等离子体渗氮 833 En40B (-) 100 [11]
813 En19 (-) 110
793 Nirtaps (-) 46
823 36CrMo (-) 100 [12]
823 \x06 + 0.1Y (-) 200
823 \x06 + 0.1Ce (-) 215
低温盐浴
氮化 (Palsonite)
753 SKD61 \1：1.5 150 [6]
843 \x06 \1：4 + (CrN) 106
753 SCM435 \1：4 141 [6]
843 \x06 \1 200
这种治疗建议钢
高掺量合金元素,
特别是构成保护中铬
氧化膜的表面和延迟
氮扩散的开始.进程
酸蚀,丸,被加速
或阴极离子溅射.能源
血浆、 电离和一些其他待遇
技术,例如使用的氮化
自由基,可以提高反应.
较早前的发达国家软氮化数据
过程激发其广泛的使用,在植物
从事汽车零部件机械处理
在造船.今天,获得的参数
由德固赛公司发展
迪尔费里进程已经成为
在其他氮化达成目标
进程.但是,为了提高效率
渗氮和降低其成本,它是
要考虑的问题
化学过程的效率进行
在不危害生态的盐浴.
渗氮的扩散率取决于
量的合金元素,特别
铬.从表 1 可以看出它的
扩散层厚度取决于类型的
合金元素.然而,氮的主要特征
C15 和 C45 碳钢中的扩散是其速度."
在 \7 和 \2 阶段和 \1 和 \2\3 的化合物中的扩散率
各不相同,但在盐浴氮势是最高的
治疗.为遵循从表 1 和 2,在这种情况下决赛
结果,在最短的时间内得到.